Teaching aids and teaching materials

Lecture 3

Objectives: SWBAT describe different teaching aids and materials; determine requirements for textbooks; state the importance of the use of modern technologies in FLT.

Plan

1. Teaching aids and teaching materials
2. Traditional and multimedia textbooks. Requirements for textbooks
3. The use of modern technologies in teaching foreign languages

1. Teaching aids and teaching materials

Teaching aids and materials support the lesson plan and assist learning. They use the senses of hearing (through audio tapes, CDs) and sight (through visual aids such as handouts, worksheets/books, overhead transparencies, videotapes and PowerPoint). Research indicates that whilst only about 12% of what we learn comes from hearing, 75% comes from what we see.

.A well designed aid should promote perception and understanding, reinforce the spoken word, aid memory retention through repetition, motivate and arouse interest. Visual aids should be simple, to the point, related to the lesson plan, interesting and attractive.

The range of teaching aids and materials includes:

whiteboards (blackboards)

interactive board

slides

charts

diagrams

Pictures, posters, maps, photos

flash cards

handouts

objects

video cassettes/DVDs

computer programs

Internet

overhead transparencies

audio cassettes

teacher’s book

student’ book

Blackboard - The teacher draws simple stick figures to indicate the speakers in a conversation; for teaching concepts of weather draws the sun, snow, umbrella; draws a square for teaching prepositions,; draws the verb chart when tense or aspect is presented; writes lists of words.

Real objects - train, plane tickets; menus; small flags; buttons made of different materials and in different sixes; cartons and containers; magazines; books; calendars can be effective

Pictures - they should be kept in categories related to the topics. They should be large enough to be seen from all parts of the room, clear and simple in design.

Flash cards - they include expressions, groups of words or single words and numbers. They can be given to group leaders to play games, create dialogs, engage in problem solving or prepare crossword puzzles.

Overhead transparencies- design and layout should be simple with simple words or keywords rather than sentences.

Videotapes - it is necessary to make appropriate spoken introduction explaining why you are going to show the videotape to the class, give clear instructions as to what activities you expect students to be doing while the tape is running - should they make notes or should they concentrate on listening and watching; set up the equipment before the lesson.

1. Traditional and multimedia textbooks. Requirements for textbooks

Textbook is one of the most important sources for getting knowledge. It contains the material at which students work in class and at home.

A good textbook should meet the following requirements:

1. correspond to the objectives of the syllabus

2. fit students’ age, level, class size

3. have good design, size, layout

4. have the methodology which is comprehensible to the teacher

5. ensure students’ activity in speaking, reading, writing, listening

6. material should be graded- change didactically from easy steps to more complicated ones

7. grammar is divided into small fragments, each taught in response to an immediate need

8. have exercises for practice: drill, speech, home, oral written.

9. have different material for reading: texts, dialogs, poems, jokes.

10. have reasonable price

11. be available in the local shops

12. have illustrations to help students in comprehension and speaking

13 reflect the life and culture of the people whose language students study

Textbooks can be prepared in an electronic form and can be of an unlimited access when published on Internet. In comparison with the classical printed textbooks, electronic publications can use many supplementary tools, which can make understanding of explained phenomena simpler: color animation, sound records, etc. But electronic textbook cannot be understood as a replacement of classical books. In learning English studying a classical textbook with a paper and a pencil in hand is very important

Дата добавления: 2014-01-07