Philosophy

ТЕМА - INTRODUCTION TO PHILOSOPHY

HANDS-OUT

Заключение

Целью курса "Компьютерная графика" является обучение теоретическим основам геометрического моделирования, машинной графики, вычислительной геометрии, архитектуре графических терминалов, современным стандартам машинной графики.

Результатом изучения курса будет являться:

1)знание основных видов и методов геометрического моделирования, алгоритмов векторной и растровой машинной графики, методов и алгоритмов вычислительной геометрии, основных стандартов машинной графики;

2)умение разрабатывать геометрические модели прикладного назначения, а также проектировать произвольные кривые.

РАЗДАТОЧНЫЙ МАТЕРИАЛ ПРЕДНАЗНАЧЕННЫЙ ДЛЯ ПРОВЕДЕНИЯ СЕМИНАРОВ И СРСП ПО ФИЛОСОФИИ НА АНГЛИЙСКОМ ЯЗЫКЕ ДЛЯ СТУДЕНТОВ 1-ГО КУРСА UIB.

Philosophy (phi-LOSS-oh-fee) n. [Greek philos (love) + sophia (wisdom) = the love of wisdom] An attempt to come to a systematic understanding of the world through the use of reason and logic.

Philosophy began in the 6th Century B.C. in ancient Greece, when, instead of using mythological explanations, religious dogma, or social custom to answer life's questions, a small group of men began seeking a rational and predominantly naturalistic way of understanding the world. These first "scientists" were called the natural philosophers because they were primarily interested in the workings of the material world. Another group of men emerged a little later called the sophists. The sophists honed logical argumentation into a fine art, and made great sums of money as lawyers and political consultants, selling their services to the highest bidder. According to contemporary accounts, they little about truth and a lot about getting paid.
Against this backdrop came Socrates, the Father of Philosophy. Socrates was accused of being both a natural philosopher (the charge seems to amount to his being considered an irreligious scientist trying to destroy peoples' faith in the gods) and an unscrupulous sophists, but he was neither. Rather than being interested in the details of the workings of the natural world, Socrates was interested in understanding the nature of the world in general--what an "object" is, the relationship between concepts and objects, the nature of the mind, and other such questions--what we now call metaphysics. Unlike the sophists, he never took money for his teachings. Instead of using the sophists' arsenal of arguments as a tool for financial gain, Socrates, by all accounts a pauper all his life, used argument as a tool for discovering Truth. He engaged fellow citizens in debates about the nature of knowledge (epistemology), and especially about the nature of right and wrong (ethics).
Like Jesus, Socrates didn't write anything himself, but his student Plato did. Plato wrote dialogues which show Socrates in action, debating deep questions with friends and enemies alike. In Plato's dialogues, where Socrates always figures as the main character, and in the writings of Plato's student Aristotle, we find all of the main topics which concern philosophers today: What is the nature of reality? Is there a God? Do I have a soul? Is there an afterlife? Do I have free will? How can I be certain of anything? What is knowledge, and how is it different from mere opinion? Does knowledge come primarily through the senses or through reason? What things are right and wrong, and what makes them so? What is the most beneficial or most just form of government? What is the meaning of life?

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