Nomenclature of Compounds with More than One Type of Functional Group

1. Only one of the functional groups can be designated as the ending of the name. This is the principal functional group.

The priority of choosing principal functional group in decreasing order is listed in the following table.

The group that is highest in the list precedes all other groups and become the principal functional group in the compound to be named.

Group	Formula	Prefix	Suffix
Carboxylic acid		carboxy	-oic acid
Sulphonic acid		sulpho	-sulphonic acid
Ester		—	-oate
Acyl halide		—	-oyl halide
Amide		—	-amide
Nitrile		cyano	-nitrile
Aldehyde		oxo	-al
Ketone		oxo	-one
Alcohol		hydroxy	-ol
Amine		amino	-amine

2. The principal functional group has priority in the selection of the longest possible carbon chain and the choice of lowest number. Other groups are designated as prefixes and listed in alphabetical order.

Example 1: 4-chloro-4-methylpentanal Example 2: 2-bromo-3-methylbut-2-enoic acid

Example 3: 3-chloro-2-iodobutanamide

Example 4: 3,4-dichloro-5-hydroxy-4-methylpentan-2-one

Example 5: 4-amino-2-phenylhexanal

Monosubstituted Aromatic Hydrocarbons

1. Some monosubstituted aromatic hydrocarbons can be named by adding the name of the substituents as prefixes to the name of the aromatic hydrocarbon.
e.g.

2. For other monosubstituted aromatic hydrocarbons, the substituent and the benzene ring taken together may form a new parent name.
e.g.

Дата добавления: 2014-01-11