The language of

Newspaper

Publicistic

Classification of FS on the basis of language material

Sublanguages

Styles of speech behaviour

Language styles

Classification of FS

Lecture 9

The notion of FS

I. Galperin

FS =

- is a system of language means which serves a definite aim of communication

- belongs to the language code (language-as-a-system)

A. Morokhovsky

FS =

- is a socially accepted stereotype of speech behaviour =

= sets of norms and rules for generating utterances and texts together with the means and devices supplied by language system for achieving different pragmatic aims

Approaches to classification of FS:

1. i nductive

- proceeding from the analysis of concrete language material: on the basis of the identity of lexical, syntactical and other parameters

2. deductive

- on the basis of human speech activity (official, scientific, colloquial)

- proceeding from language functions (belle-lettres, public speeches, lectures)

- based on the sphere of application:

oral speech - colloquial (literary colloquial, familiar colloquial)

written speech: bookish (scientific, belle-lettres)

- based on key speech differentiating features: emotiveness, spontaneity, norm

speech styles

Criteria for classifying FS:

FS = a system of interrelated language means which serves a definite aim of communication

Prof. Galperin

(only written variety of language)

FS - the result of creative activity of the writer who consciously and deliberately selects language means that create style

Belles-lettres

- poetry

- emotive

- drama

- oratory

-essays

- articles

- news items

- headlines

-adverts

Scientific prose

-humanitarian sciences

- exact sciences

-popular scientific prose

Official documents

- business documents

- legal documents

-military documents

- the language of diplomacy

2. Classification of FS on the basis of opposition of distinctive features

FS = type of speech
K. Dolinin

Distinctive features

emotiveness / non-emotiveness

spontaneity / non-spontaneity

standard (norm) / substandard (deviance)

Styles

- literary colloquial

- familiar colloquial

-publicistic / oratorical / literary prose

- informational: scientific, official

3. Classification of FS on the basis of the sphere of language usage

Prof. Skrebnev

FS = sublanguages = sub-varieties of English

mass communication

- radio and television talks

- public oratory

- newspaper reporting

- advertising

- religion

scientific and professional-technical communication

- different branches of science

documental communication

- legal, official,

- diplomatic documents

- business correspondence

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