C) organizing speech practice (exercises)

Principles Specific for Methods of F.L.T.

Outline.

Principles of Methods of Foreign Language Teaching

1) The Notion of Principles of Teaching.

2) Fundamental Didactic Principles and Their Aspect in Methods of F.L.Teaching.

3) Principles Characteristics of Methods of F.L.Teaching

4) Methods in F.L.Teaching.

The term “ principle ” introduces the notion of the leading basis thesis (propositions), regulating the process of teaching and educating the young generation.

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The Fundamental didactic principles

· Conscious approach;

· Activity;

· Individualization

· Visualization;

· Systematic approach.

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General Methodological Principles:

• of involving the pupils in the act of communication.

· of differentiation in teaching approach

• of coping with the mother-tongue of the pupils
• of dominating role of exercises
• of complex approach to organization of the language and speech material
• of all possible intensification of the teachingprocedure.

Special Methodological Principles:

1. Principle of Teaching on the Basis of Speech Patterns.

2. Principle of Combination of Language Drill and Speech Practice.

3. Principle of Interrelation of All Language Activities.

4. The Principle Approximation in a Foreign Language Activity.

5. The Principle of Oral Approach.

5 aspects of communication at a lesson (by prof. Passov):

1. “ Learn to speak by speaking” (M.West);

2. There is a lot of difference between oral exercises and oral speech exercises. The latter being characterized by implying speech task (motive) and communication partner. Communicational task can be real and conditional;

3. Thinking-in-words activity is a major requisite of initiative in speech;

4. Communicative value of the material studied;

5. Speech character of a class-period, which is manifested:

· In setting a communicative task;

· In organizational form of a lesson (a short conversation at the beginning of a lesson, setting the class to work, etc);

· In the teacher’s conduct, speech conduct including (as a communication partner).

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A “teaching method” may be defined as a way of a teacher’s activity (work) and a corresponding way of the pupil’s activity aimed at solving a particular teaching task.

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Methods of teaching: a) demonstration;

b) explanation;

Requirements to exercises:

1. Ex. should always be in key with the aim of the lesson. If we aim at teaching dialogue, all the ex-ses must be directed at developing dialogue skills;

2. Ex-ses must correspond to the stage of forming a habit, (no mish-mash);

3. Each ex-se must be repeated 6-7 times’

4. Before doing the ex-se a teacher must give a direction (instruction and example of how to do it), because there is hardly a better way of disclosing the mechanisms necessary for doing an ex-se.

5. Communicative character of ex-ses. Every lesson should be full of ex-ses. If they are but few, the lesson loses its effect, the pupils lack interest.

Methods of Foreign Language Teaching

Teacher’s ActivitiesLearner’s Activities

E demonstration comprehension S

V (acquaintance) E

Дата добавления: 2014-01-11