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D) NO preliminary preparation on a specific subject for a particular occasion
A prepared speech is more widely used by the pupils. A prepared speech may be based on the suggested language material and a topic/ situation, or on the suggested topic/situation, but not on the suggested material. In the psychological aspect both forms of speaking possess such qualities as purposefulness, communicative motivation, situational character, being addressed to the interlocutor. A monologue is characterized by: continuity, completion, logical succession, contextuality. Or, it has: - continuous - completed - logical consistent - successive - contextual A dialogue is a typical example of impromptu speaking; it is characterized by a greater degree of emotional colouring and situational relevance (conditionality). A situation is characterized by the following features: a) Absence of immediate connection of speech (language) units with the present circumstances; b) Dynamic character, i.e. it undergoes constant changes together with them. Each remark changes and develops the situation; c) A situation is not a mere entity of circumstances, events and relationships; d) The content of a situation is based on a problem or conflict which breaks the existing system of relationships;
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