The Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan

The Assembly of People of Kazakhstan

The rights and duties of citizen of Kazakhstan

The concept of citizenship

The constitutional law of the Republic of Kazakhstan

The Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan

UNIT 3. THE CONSTITUTIONAL LAW OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

Society has certain standards which ensure that its members' actions do not harm the same society. There are two types of standards, Verbal Standards, which are not written down but are taken for granted and handed down from generation to generation. These can be applied differently depending on the case. There are also Written Standards, which are written down. These are hard to change, but much easier to apply than the Verbal Standards. In a Democratic State, the main set of rules is called the Constitution. These rules are generally obeyed by everyone. Constitution is divided into two main sections, The Human Rights and The Institutions of the State.The Human Rights section, the Constitution defines what rights each member of the state is entitled to. For example, it may define that everyone has the right to vote in an election, or that everyone is entitled to a pension when he reaches a certain age.

The Institutions of the State is divided into three sections: the Legislative, the Executive and the Judiciary. The Legislative is made up of a group of people who have the power to make new laws or alter existing ones, including the Constitution itself. (The Constitution is harder to alter than the other laws because it can't be altered by a simple majority of the members agreeing with the alterations). These people are the Members of the Parliament, who are elected by the citizens of the state and meet to discuss matters concerning the state. The Executive has the responsibility to apply the rules which the Legislative defines. The Executive is controlled by the members of the Government, also elected by the citizens of the state. The government is controlled by the Prime Minister. The Judiciary executes justice in the state, and makes sure that all the laws are obeyed by the citizens. In a true democratic state, these three Institutions of the State do not overpower each other, but work in such a way that each one of them is independent and can check over each other to make sure that there is no abuse of power.

The Constitution is very important because it defines the main outlines of how the state is ruled, the fundamental rights of the citizens, and also defines that the state is a Democracy for example. This makes it the most important of all the laws in a states a very rapidly developing country in central Asia is important for many researcher in all over the world. In our country, most of eastern countries laws are not be sought with scientific aims, in contrast the western countries have at least one institute for observing the developments in law as in other scopes of these countries. In generally, constitutions can be described as documents showing fundamental rights and freedoms of peoples and main structures of states. Obviously, most of the constitutions are results of long-term struggles of peoples and have historical background.

The current Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan was adopted August 30, 1995 in a national referendum. This day is a national holiday - the Day of the Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The adoption of the Basic Law was preceded by a broad discussion of the draft Constitution of the country. During the time elapsed since the adoption of the current Constitution, amendments were made to it three times: in 1998, 2007 and 2011. In 1998, were amended in the 19 articles of the law. Changes have affected the timing and powers of the president, the Senate and the Mazhilis deputies, was filmed earlier provided an upper age limit for a public servant. In addition, the 1998 amendments stipulated that 10 deputies of the Mazhilis are elected based on party lists by proportional representation. More significant amendments to the Constitution were adopted in 2007. Together, they are reduced to the following: the transition to proportional electoral system, strengthening the status of Parliament by introducing rules on approval of the Prime Minister of the parliamentary majority and the consultation procedure with the President in the appointment of party factions head of government, the Assembly of People of Kazakhstan was given constitutional status and won the right delegate their representatives to the Mazhilis and the Senate of the Parliament in accordance with the quota. In February 2011, the Constitution was amended, aimed at establishing the constitutional foundations of the appointment and conduct of early presidential elections.

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