EXERCISES. Active Vocabulary to Text А

Active Vocabulary to Text А

NOTES

¹right-handed - правосторонний

²virgin - целинный

³medium - средний

⁴autumn-sown - посеянный осенью

⁵upper - верхний

⁶interrow cultivation - обработка междурядьев

⁷ensure – гарантировать

aerate - проветривать	reclamation - мелиорация
blade - лезвие, нож	reversible - с обратным ходом
break - разбивать	roll - прикатывать
compact - уплотнять	roller - каток
conventional - традиционный	rigid - жесткий
cover - накрывать	root - корень
clod - ком	seedbed - грядка
cut - резать	secondary - вторичный
destroy - разрушать	set - устанавливать; набор
disk - диск, дисковый	slice share - лемех, нож
drag harrow - тяжелая борона	smooth - приглаживать
earth up - окучивать	sod - дерн
employ - использовать	spring - пружина, пружинный
furrow - борозда	stick - палка
firm - утрамбовывать; плотный	stubble - жнивье, стерня
flexible - гибкий	subsoil - глубинный
frost - подмораживать	surface - поверхностный
level - выравнивать, уровень	tillage - вспашка
mould board - плужный отвал	tiller - культиватор
moisture - влага	turn - переворачивать
penetrate - проникать	tine - зуб (бороны)
wax - глина	primary - первичный
weed - сорняк	pulverise - размельчать
wide - широкий	wind - ветер
ordinary - стандартный, обычный

1. Read the words.

a) nature, agriculture, future, structure, feature, temperature;

b) preparation, production, cultivation, rotation, aeration, operation, invention, pulverization, function;

с) session, profession, compression, transmission;

d) question, equal, quarter, equip, liquid, require, quantity, qualified, quite;

e) because, cause, pause;

f) draw, drawbar, crawler, saw;

g) know, show, low, below, grow, row;

h) now, down, brown, allow, power.

2. Form adverbs using suffix -ly. Translate them into Russian. Use 5 of them in your sentences.

Deep, wide, low, high, common, vertical, firm.

3. Form adjectives and use them in your collocations. Follow the pattern: rain - rainy; a rainy day.

Stone, root, stick, wax, air, fog, hill, wind.

4. What is the difference between the words given below? Which of them are the nouns? Use them in your sentences.

Wide - width, deep - depth, long - length, grow - growth.

5. Choose the verbs that suggest the way of units attachment. Use them in your sentences.

To mount, to carry, to attach, to consist of, to fit, to set, to trail, to turn, to bolt, to lower, to break, to level, to fix.

6. Choose the words from the right column that can match the words from the left column. Make up 5 sentences with your collocations.

Seedbed	to cut, to prepare, to carry, soil, to level, to plow, to cultivate, good, to finish; wet, dry, to pulverize, to cut
Soil	to loosen, to compact, to break, tines, grain, to drill, to aerate, to turn

7. Read and translate the following collocations. Make use of them in your sentences.

Disk plows, plow disk, tractor drawbar, mould board, plow, disk penetration, furrow slice, depth control, disk plow working width, vegetable material, crop production.

8. Read the Text and put 5 questions to it.

Plowing is usually the first step¹ in seedbed preparation. This operation loosens the soil, turns vegetable material on the surface and mixes it with the soil. Besides this, the soil is aerated and pulverized. The farmers must choose² the proper time for plowing. Plowing in autumn has some advantages. First, time is saved³. Then, heavy soils may be successfully plowed before rains, frosts and snow. During the winter they will accumulate⁴ enough moisture and organic materials necessary for high crop production.

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