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УРОК 13

Спряжение глаголов в Simple Past

Оразование Simple Past

II форма глагола + окончание -ed или прошедшее время неправильного глагола

Например:
You called Debbie.
Ты звонил Дэбби.

Did you call Debbie?
Ты звонил Дэбби?

You did not call Debbie.
Ты не звонил Дэбби.

Большинство глаголов спрягаются прибавлением окончания -ed, как рассмотренный ниже глагол wait.

Число	Лицо	Положительная форма	Отрицательная форма	Вопросительная форма
един.		I waited.	I did not wait.	Did I wait?
	You waited.	You did not wait.	Did you wait?
	He waited. She waited. It waited.	He did not wait. She did not wait. It did not wait.	Did he wait? Did she wait? Did it wait?
множ.		You waited.	You did not wait.	Did you wait?
	We waited.	We did not wait.	Did we wait?
	They waited.	They did not wait.	Did they wait?

Многие глаголы, как, например, have, в Simple Past принимают неправильные формы.

Обратите внимание, что неправильные формы глаголов используются только в утвердительных предложения, в вопросительных и отрицательных предложениях Simple Past образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола did.

Для прошедших форм неправильных глаголов смотрите список неправильных глаголов.

Например:
I / We / They came. – I / We / They did not come. – Did I / we / they come?
He / She / It wrote. – He / She / It did not write. – Did he / she / it write?

Глагол to be также имеет неправильную форму в Simple Past. Но, в отличие от других неправильных глаголов, он имеет две формы прошедшего времени: was и were. Его вопросительные и отрицательные формы также образуются не по общим правилам.

!Запомните, что в Simple Past с глаголом to be не нужно использовать вспомогательный глагол did.

Число	Лицо	Положительная форма	Отрицательная форма	Вопросительная форма
един.		I was.	I was not.	Was I?
	You were.	You were not.	Were you?
	He was. She was. It was.	He was not. She was not. It was not.	Was he? Was she? Was it?
множ.		You were.	You were not.	Were you?
	We were.	We were not.	Were we?
	They were.	They were not.	Were they?

●В Simple Past формы модальных глаголов образуются совершенно по-другому (смотрите раздел модальные глаголы). Самый важный глагол, который нужно запомнить, это must. Обратите внимание, что в Simple Past он заменяется на глагол have to.

Must изменяется на had to:
I must call my wife now.
Я должен сейчас позвонить жене.

I had to call my wife yesterday.
Вчера я должен был позвонить жене.

●В разговорной речи следующие элементы форм Simple Past могут сокращаться:

did not = didn't
was not = wasn't
were not = weren't

Country	Nationality	Language
Afghanistan	Afghan	Persian - Pashto
Argentina	Argentine / Argentinean	Spanish
Australia	Australian	English
Belgium	Belgian	French / Flemish
Bolivia	Bolivian	Spanish
Brazil	Brazilian	Portuguese
Cambodia	Cambodian	Cambodian
Cameroon	Cameroonian	French / English
Canada	Canadian	English / French
Chile	Chilean	Spanish
China	Chinese	Chinese
Colombia	Colombian	Spanish
Costa Rica	Costa Rican	Spanish
Cuba	Cuban	Spanish
Denmark	Danish (Dane)	Danish
Dominican Republic	Dominican	Spanish
Ecuador	Ecuadorian	Spanish
Egypt	Egyptian	Arabic
El Salvador	Salvadorian	Spanish
England	English	English
Estonia	Estonian	Estonian
Ethiopia	Ethiopian	Amharic
Finland	Finnish	Finnish
France	French	French
Germany	German	German
Ghana	Ghanaian	English
Greece	Greek	Greek
Guatemala	Guatemalan	Spanish
Haiti	Haitian	French / Creole
Honduras	Honduran	Spanish
Indonesia	Indonesian	Indonesian
Iran	Iranian	Persian
Ireland	Irish	Irish / English
Israel	Israeli	Hebrew
Italy	Italian	Italian
Japan	Japanese	Japanese
Jordan	Jordanian	Arabic
Kenya	Kenyan	Swahili
Korea	Korean	Korean
Laos	Laotian	Laotian
Latvia	Latvian	Latvian
Lithuania	Lithuanian	Lithuanian
Malaysia	Malaysian	Malay / Malaysian
Mexico	Mexican	Spanish
Morocco	Moroccan	Arabic / French
Netherlands	Dutch	Dutch
New Zealand	New Zealander	English / Maori
Nicaragua	Nicaraguan	Spanish
Norway	Norwegian	Norwegian
Panama	Panamanian	Spanish
Paraguay	Paraguayan	Spanish
Peru	Peruvian	Spanish
Philippines	Filipino	Tagalog / Filipino
Poland	Polish	Polish
Portugal	Portuguese	Portuguese
Puerto Rico	Puerto Rican	Spanish
Romania	Romanian	Romanian
Russia	Russian	Russian
Saudi Arabia	Saudi	Arabic
Spain	Spanish	Spanish
Sweden	Swedish	Swedish
Switzerland	Swiss	Swiss
Taiwan	Taiwanese	Chinese
Tajikistan	Tajik	Tajik (Persian)
Thailand	Thai	Thai
Turkey	Turkish	Turkish
Ukraine	Ukrainian	Ukrainian
United States	American *	English
Uruguay	Uruguayan	Spanish
Venezuela	Venezuelan	Spanish
Vietnam	Vietnamese	Vietnamese
Wales	Welsh	Welsh / English

Дата добавления: 2014-11-16