Exercise 6. Finish up the sentences using the correct words and word combinations from the right-hand column

Exercise 5. Match up chemical elements and names.

Exercise 4. Translate the following sentences.

Exercise 3. Give English equivalents to the following.

Exercise 2. Give Russian equivalents to the following.

VOCABULARY EXERCISES

Exercise 1. Comprehension questions.

1. What is the definition of the pharmaceutical chemistry?

2. When did scientists begin extracting chemicals from plants?

3. Are pharmaceutical chemists involved in the development and assessment of therapeutic compounds?

4. What is the core of pharmaceutical chemistry?

5. What does the drug discovery process include?

6. What is the goal of drug-delivery systems?

7. When can the drug candidate enter into clinical trials?

8. How many phases does the clinical stage involve?

9. Why is drug-therapy evaluation very costly and time consuming?

10. What is placebo?

11. What phases involve large population?

1. compound, 2. core, 3. discovery, 4. efficacy, 5. evaluation, 6. exert, 7. inhalant, 8. injectable, 9. pill, 10. prior

1. сердцевина, 2. открытие, 3. эффективность, 4. давать возможность, 5. оказывать давление, 6. ингалятор, 7. инъекционный, 8. подразумевать, 9. прежний, 10. смысл,

1. Medicinal chemistry and pharmaceutical chemistry are disciplines at the intersection of chemistry, especially synthetic organic chemistry, and pharmacology and various other biological specialties, where it is involved with design, chemical synthesis and development for market of pharmaceutical agents (drugs).

2. Compounds used as medicines are most often organic compounds, which are often divided into the broad classes of small organic molecules and "biologics", the latter of which are most often medicinal preparations of proteins.

3. Inorganic and organometallic compounds are also useful as drugs.

4. In particular, medicinal chemistry in its most common guise -focusing on small organic molecules - encompasses synthetic organic chemistry and aspects of natural products and computational chemistry in close combination with chemical biology, enzymology and structural biology, together aiming at the discovery and development of new therapeutic agents.

5. Practically speaking, it involves chemical aspects of identification, and then systematic, thorough synthetic alteration of new chemical entities to make them suitable for therapeutic use.

H O N Cl K S Fe Cu F

copper iron fluorine hydrogen oxygen nitrogen chlorine potassium sodium

1. Pharmaceutical chemists are involved …..   2. Prior to the nineteenth century, schools of pharmacy trained……   3. By discovering and structurally characterizing compounds with medicinal activity, chemists are able ……   4. Once the drug's structure is known, the drug can serve ……   5. Once scientists and government regulatory agencies have determined the drug candidate to be relatively safe, ……

a. …..to design new drugs with enhanced potency and decreased adverse side effects.   b. ……in the development and assessment of therapeutic compounds.   c. …….as a prototype or "lead compound" for designing more effective therapeutic agents of similar chemical structure.   d. ……it can enter into clinical trials.   e. ………pharmacists and physicians how to prepare medicinal remedies from natural organic products or inorganic materials.

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