Exercise VI. Pick out the nationally specific English no­tions in the text below and then translate them in writing or in viva voce into Ukrainian

B. Suggest possible ways for faithful conveying the mean­ ing of peculiarly American government offices and their princi­ pal officials in the passage below. Identify the ways of transla­ tion which you employ for the purpose.

The United States, unlike most other countries of Europe, Asia and America has no «government» but only an «administration» or to be more precise, a «president's administration». The latter in its turn

has no ministries and consequently no «ministers» but departments and secretaries performing the functions of ministries and ministers. Traditionally established in the USA are the following thirteen depart­ments: Agricultural Department, Commerce Department, Defence Department, Educational Department, Energy Department, Health and Human Services Department, Housing and Urban Development De­partment, Interior Department, Justice Department, Treasury Depart­ment, and Veterans Affairs Department. Each of these government institutions is headed respectively by an appointed leader, as an­nounced by the presidential secretary. The only exception is the Jus­tice Department which is headed not by a secretary but by the Attor­ney General. Almost all Secretaries have their Assistant Secretaries performing the functions of deputy ministers in other European and American governments. Exceptions from the list include only four de­partments which have Deputy Secretaries instead. These are Com­merce Department, Housing and Urban Development Department, Educational Department and Treasury Department. Still other depart­ments in the U.S. administration government have Under Secretaries performing the duties of assistant secretaries which correspond to the government positions occupied by deputy ministers in other coun­tries. To these departments belong the Commerce Department and Veterans Affairs Department. Secretary of the Interior Department, contrary to all others, has an Inspector General for the first assistant. But certainly the most peculiar are the duties of the Interior Depart­ment which include building roads, and overseeing the national park system, and not keeping law and order and fighting criminals, which the ministries of the interior are responsible for in other countries. These functions are performed in the U.S.A. by the F.B.I. (Federal Bureau of Investigation).

The former Beatle Paul McCartney was awarded a knighthood in the New Year's honours list. Among other showbiz figures receiving honors: Sir Andrew Lloyd Webber, the composer of «Evita», «Phantom of the Opera» and «Jesus Christ Superstar» becomes Lord Lloyd Webber allowing him to sit in the House of Lords. Among others recognized: the actress Joan Collins, best known for her role as Alexis in the television show «Dynasty», received an OBE (Officer of the Order of the British Empire), while the playwright Alan Ayckbourn was knighted. Frederick Forsyth, whose best-sellers include «The

Day of the Jackal», becomes a Commander of the Order of the British Empire, which entitles him to add the initials CBE after his name. The racing driver Damon Hill, the current Formula One world champion, was given an OBE for services to auto racing.

Exercise VII. Read through the text on the British Parlia­ment below and translate it point by point in writing or in viva voce into Ukrainian.

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