Classification of viruses

File achievers.

Programs for data archivation

Service programs

A file archiver is a computer program that combines a number of files together into one archive file, or a series of archive files, for easier transportation or storage.

1. WinRAR is a shareware file archiver and data compression utility. It can create archived files in ZIP or proprietary RAR format, and unpack many archive file formats. WinRAR runs under Microsoft Windows in GUI mode. There are command-line versions, called "RAR" and "UNRAR" (released since autumn of 1993), available for Mac OS X, Linux, FreeBSD, Windows console mode, and MS-DOS.

2. 7-Zip is an open source file archiver, or an application used to compress files. 7-Zip operates with the 7z archive format, but can read and write several other archive formats. The program can be used from a command line interface, graphical user interface, or with a window-based shell integration. The cross-platform version of the command line utility, p7zip, is also available.

3. WinZip is a shareware file archiver and compressor for Windows, OS X, iOS and Android developed by WinZip Computing (formerly Nico Mak Computing). By default, WinZip creates archives in Zip file format but also has various levels of support for other archive formats.

4. PowerArchiver is a proprietary file archiver for Microsoft Windows, developed by ConeXware Inc. It supports full read-write access to several different archive formats, including ZIP, 7z and Tar. Additionally, read-only (decompression) support includes RAR, ACE and various disk image formats.

5. IZArc is a freeware file archiver for Microsoft Windows developed by Bulgarian programmer Ivan Zahariev. In addition to the most commonly used archive formats, like zip, rar, gzip, tar.gz, bzip2, and 7z, IZArc handles a large number of less common formats.

Computer Viruses are classified according to their nature of infection and behavior:

1. Boot Sector Virus: A Boot Sector Virus infects the first sector of the hard drive, where the Master Boot Record (MBR) is stored. If a computer is infected with Boot Sector Virus, when the computer is turned on, the virus launches immediately and is loaded into memory, enabling it to control the computer.

2. File Deleting Viruses: A File Deleting Virus is designed to delete critical files which are the part of Operating System or data files.

3. Mass Mailer Viruses: Mass Mailer Viruses search e-mail programs like MS outlook for e-mail addresses which are stored in the address book and replicate by e-mailing themselves to the addresses stored in the address book of the e-mail program.

4. Macro viruses: Macro viruses are written by using the Macro programming languages like VBA, which is a feature of MS office package.

5. Polymorphic Viruses: Polymorphic Viruses have the capability to change their appearance and change their code every time they infect a different system. This helps the Polymorphic Viruses to hide from anti-virus software.

6. Armored Viruses: Armored Viruses are type of viruses that are designed and written to make itself difficult to detect or analyze. An Armored Virus may also have the ability to protect itself from antivirus programs, making it more difficult to disinfect.

7. Stealth viruses: Stealth viruses have the capability to hide from operating system or anti-virus software by making changes to file sizes or directory structure. Stealth viruses are anti-heuristic nature which helps them to hide from heuristic detection.

8. Polymorphic Viruses: Polymorphic viruses change their form in order to avoid detection and disinfection by anti-virus applications. After the work, these types of viruses try to hide from the anti-virus application by encrypting parts of the virus itself.

9. Retrovirus: Retrovirus is another type virus which tries to attack and disable the anti-virus application running on the computer. A retrovirus can be considered anti-antivirus. Some Retroviruses attack the anti-virus application and stop it from running or some other destroys the virus definition database.

10. Multiple Characteristic viruses: Multiple Characteristic viruses has different characteristics of viruses and have different capabilities.

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