BpeMeua rpynnhI Perfect 2 страница

4) Jane (play) tennis since 2 o'clock. 5) Somebody (break) my pen. 6) It (rain) since morning. 7) Mary (paint) the walls in the room all the morning.

8) She (stand) in front of the mirror for an hour but her hair isn't done yet.

9) She (speak) on the telephone for an hour now.

6. llocmaebme znaZOJZbl e CK06Kax e Past Perfect Progressive, nepeee­ oume npeOJlO:XCeHWI. HQ pyccKUU R3bl1<..

1) They said they (to translate) the text for three hours yesterday. 2) It was raining in the morning and it (to rain) for the whole night. 3) He was working, when Icame in, and he obviously (to work) for a long time, because he was very tired. 4) Yesterday he found the book which he (to look for) for several days. 5) She said that she (to travel) for two months last year. 6) She was sewing a blouse, when I arrived, and she (to sew) for a long time, because it was almost ready.

7. Pac1<poume cKo6Ku u nocmaebme 2Jla2ollbl e Future Perfect Progressive.

1) By next year we (to live) in this city for four years. 2) When Ann gets her diploma she (study) at the University for five years. 3) When sam gets his driving lisence he (to drive) his car for three months. 4) By next term we (to read) this novel for two months. 5) Pete (to work) in this compony for 10 years by next year.

CorJiacoeauue speMen (Sequence of Tenses)

flpaBHJIO cornacosaHHSI (nocrre.nosaTeJII>Hocrn) BpeMeH pacnpoc11Ja­ Hsi:e-rcsi:, B OCHOBHOM, Ha yrroTpe6Jiemre speMeH B,lJ,OilOJIHHTeJibHbIX IlpH)l;a­ TO'IHblX npe,n:Jio)l(eHHSIX. B pyccKOM S13bIKe cornacoBaHHsi: BpeMeH HeT.

flpaBHJIO cornacOBaHHH speMeH B aHrnHikKOM H3bIKe 33.KJIJO'laeTCSI B TOM, 'ITO yno11Je6JieHHe BpeMeHH rrrarorra-CKaJyeMoro B rrpH,!1,aTO'IHOM

,lJ,OIIOJIHHTeJThHOM npe,ll,JIO)l(eHHH 33.BHCHT OT BpeMeH rnaroJia-CKa3yeMoro rmurnoro npe,LUIO)l(eHIDI.

1. ECJIH rnaroJI-CKaJyeMOe rnaBHoro npeMO'lKemm CTOHT B 0,lJ,HOii H3 cpopM HacTogm;ero mm 6y;zym;ero BpeMeHH, TO rnaroJI-CKaJyeMoe B npH­

,lJ,aTO'IHOM,ll;OilOJIHHTeJII.HOM npe.z:(JIO:ll<eHHH MO:lKeT CTOHTb B mo60M BpeMe­ HH B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT CMbICJia:

I know that he draws well. - R 3Hal0, 'ITO OH xopomo pHcyeT.

I know that he will draw a new picture. - R 3HaIO, 'ITO OH HapHcyet

HOBYJO Kapnray.

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2. Ecm1 rnaron-cKa3yeMoe B rnaBHOM npe.zmoJICeHHH CTOHT B o,ll,HOH H3 <J>opM npoUie,Z1,I1Iero apeMeHH (qame acero B Past Simple), TO rnaron­ CKa3yeMoe npH,ll,aTOqaoro,ll,OilOJIHHTeJIJ,HOfO npe)l,JIOJICeHIDI MO)KeT 6MTb yrIO'rpe6neH TOJibKO B O,ll,HOH H3 Q>opM rrpollle,ll,lllero BpeMeHH:

I knew that he had drawn his brother's portrait. -- 51 3HaJI, qTQ OH HapHCOa.TI IlOPTPeT 6paTa.

I knew that he would draw a new picture. -51 3Han, <rro OH 6y,i:i;eT

pucoaaTT> Hoay10 KapTHffY.

HcK.ll1011e11ua UJ npaBun.a coZJ1acoBaHU.R BpeMeH

TipaaHno cornacoaamrn BpeMeH He co6JIJO.n;aeTC.H, ecJIFI,ll,OIIOJIHHTenb­ HOe rrpe.zmmKeHHe nepe.n;aeT o6eH3BeCTH)'IO HCTHHY The children learnt at the lesson that water boils at 100 C, a TaJOKe B o6CTonenbCTBeHHhIX npH.n;aTOqHf>JX npe.zmo)Kemuix (Past Simple He nepeBO,ll,HTC.H B Past Perfect): He knew that Ihad gone before he came. B Mo.n;an1>HOM cKa3yeMoM B npH.n;aTOqHOM,ll,OilOJIHHTeJibHOM npe,ll,IlO){(eHlrn MO,!l;aJil>HbrH rnaron must He MemreTC.H, eCJIH rnaron-CKa3yeMoe B rnaBHOM CTOHT B O.n;HOM H3 nporue,ll,­ IIJHX BpeMeH: She said we must hurry.

YnpaJ1CnenUJ1

J. flpol/.mume oa1111ble npeOJlOJ/Ce1lUJl, 11auoume 2JUl20Jlbl-CKCl3ye.Mble 2Jla61l020 U OOnOJlHUmeJlbHOZO npuoamO'l1l020 npeiJJlOJ/CellUU, onpeiJeJlU­ me epe.MJt 1<axoo20. IIepeeeiJume npeoJZoJJCeHWl uapycc1<uu Jl3blK.

1) He said that they were watching TV. 2) I thought that they went to

the skating-rink very often. 3) I didn't know you painted. 4) He was told that they had left. 5) He knew that Rosa had been working in the factory for about two years. 6) They knew that I would wait for them. 7) He said he would post the letter himself.

2. C1<aJ1Cume: a) e KaKO.M CJlyl/.ae oeucmeue npuiJamOl/.11020 npeOJlO­ JICeHUJl npOUCXOOUm 001l06peMe111lO C iJeucmeueM 2Jla611020 npeOJlO:>ICe- 1lwt, npeiJw.ecmf!)lem eMy WlU cJ1ei>yem 3a 11ww; nol/.eMY e npeiJJ10J1CeHW1X 4-6 e npuoamol/.110M npeoJ10J1Ce11uu R6llJlemca 06R3ameJ1bHOU 0011a U3

npoiueoutux <fiopM 2Jlazo11a.

1) He says that he always goes to the cowitry for weekends. 2) He says that he went to the country last week. 3) He says that he will go to the country for the weekend. 4) He said that he always went to the country

for weekends. 5) He said that his mother had already gone to the country.

6) He said that he would go to the country for the weekend.

3. Bb16epume npa6WlbHblU 8apua1-1m 2.11azoJlbHou <fiopMbl.

1) He said he (is staying, was staying) at Hilton Hotel. 2) They said that they (lost, had lost) their way in the dark. 3) He asked me where I (study, studied). 4) I thought that I (will finish, would finish) my work at that time. 5) He said he (work, worked) as a manager. 6) He says he (worked, had worked) as a builder two years ago. 7) Dan said he (is, was) very busy. 8) The teacher asked me who (is playing, was playing) the guitar in the living-room. 9) The teacher said he (will ask, would ask) us. 10) They asked us why we (are speaking, were speaking) in a loud voice. 11) Mike realized that he (broke, had broken) his leg. 12) I hoped he (will pass, would pass) the examinations.

4. Ilocma8bme 2JIQ20Jlbl e 2JlQ8HOM npeOJlOJICeHUU 6 Past Simple u coe­ Jlaume coom8emcmey1011.1ue 3aMeHbl e npuoamo1J HOM npeo11oxeHuu.

1) Sam hopes that he will pass his driving test. 2) They say they will be

ready to go in a few minutes. 3) We are sure he is never late for his lessons. 4) My parents say that I must be more careful. 5) They promise they will come down next summer if nothing out of the ordinary happens.

6) Pete thinks he is right. 7) She says she will never see me again ifl don't tell her the truth immediately. 8) Ben says he will come at 6 o'clock if nothing happens.

CTpa;:i;aTeJILHblii: 3aJior

(The Passive Voice)

EcnH IIO,ll,Jie)l(am;ee npe)J)IO)l(eHHH o6o3HaqaeT mrqo HJIH npe.n;MeT, Ko­ TOpMH CaM COBepmaeT,ll,eHCTBHe (B HaCTOeM, npome.n;meM HJIH 6yzy­ meM), TO rnaron-cKa3yeMoe CTOHT B,ll,eHCTBHTeJJT>HOM 3a.Tiore. EcnH IIO,ll,­ JieJICamee npe)l,JIOJICeHH.H o6o3HaqaeT JIHqo HJIH npe,ll,MeT, KOTop1rn HCITbl­ TbIBaeT,ll,eHCTBHe, coaepmaeMoe,ll,pYf HM mru:oM HJIH npe,llMeTOM (B HaCTO­ HIUeM, npome,ll,IIIeM HJIH 6y.i:i;ymeM), TO rnaroJI-CKa3yeMoe CTOHT B CTJJa­

)(aTeJibHOM 3a.rrore.

He often invites me to his place. -OH qacTO npHrnaIIIaeT MeHH K ce6e (.neH:cTBHTeJIT>Hhiil 3anor).

Iam often invited to his place. -MeH.H qacTO npHrnaIIIaJOT K HeMY (CTpa,n,aTeJIT>HbIR 3a.Tl0f).

·;m,,, f " d ',,,,1,i;rM·,, ii:tbf,-,.f.%; f) f)f.&h1lioMM1ftfri tt ®*6 rtc' ff ·- t.,...,1rdb iii ili11 1 i,.,,,,,,,

B C'l'pa,rt;aTeJJbHOM 3anore B OCHOBHOM yno1Jle6IDIJOTCSI BpeMeHa rpyn­ Ilhl Simple. 3HaqmenbHO pe)J(e yno1Jle6IDUOTcSI rrepclieKTHLie 11,n;n11Tem,Hb1e BpeMeHa. <l>opM Future Continuous, BpeMeH rpynnhI Perfect Continuous rnaron B cTpa,rt;aTeJJbHOM 3anore He HMeeT.

Yno'l'pe6JI.11eTcsi: C'l'pa,rt;aTeJihHblH 3anor o6I>IqffO Tor.n.a, Kor.n.a Hel13BecT­ HO, KTO COBepmaer,ll,eHCTBHe. Ba)J(l{O JJHllb, KaKOe.n.eitCTBHe COBepmaer­ Cff H KTO ero HCilblTblBaeT.

He was asked to do it. -Ero rror1pocHnH no c.n,enaTb.

<l>opMbI rJiaroJia e CTpaJJ.aTeJibHOM JaJiore

BpeMll	Present	Past	Future
Simple	Am ls V3 are	Was / were V3	Will be V3
Progressive	Am ls being VJ Are	Was{ were being VJ	-
Perfect	Have I has been V3	Had been V3	Will have been V3
Perfect Progressive	-	-	-

The professor told us many interesting things (Active Voice).

We were told many interesting things by the professor (Passive Voice).

 

B aHrrrniicKoH: rracCHBHOit KoHcTpyKllHH nepe.n..n.orronHeHHeM, o6o3Ha­ qaIOll.l,HM)J;eiicTByIOru:ee JIHUO HJIH rrpe.n.MeT, CTOSIT npe.n,norn by HJIH with.

,ll;ononHem1e c npe.n.noroM by Bbipa)l(aeT.n.eitcTByIOru:ee JIHllO HJJH npe,l1,­ MeT, a)J;OllOJIHeHHe c npe)J;noroM with -opy)J;He.n.eiicTBHSI. HarrpHMep: The composition was written by this student. -Coq1rneHHe 6bmo HanH­ ca.Ho 3THM CTY.AeHToM; The cake was cut with a knife. -TopT 6Lm aape­ JaH HO)J(OM.

Y npaJICHeHUJl

J. llpo<Jmume meKcm, Hauoume e oaHHOM meT<cme ZJ1a2011bz e cmpa­ oame.nbHOM 3aJlOZe, onpeoe11ume 6peMR OaHHblX ZJlazOJl06. llepe6eoume meKcm Htl pyccKuii Jl3bZK.

An American Thomas Edison made the first machine with moving pictures in 1891. Tt was called a kinetoscope. Then in 1895 a machine that

projected pictures on to a scret'n was built b¥ two French brothers, August

and Louis Lumiere. They called their machine a cinematograpbe. The pictures from this machine were shown one after the other very quickly. The Lumiere brothers gave the world's first film show in 1896, and in

America the world's first cinema was built in Pittsburgh in 1905.

In the beginning films were made to show news, but by 1902 filmmakers began to write stories for film and use actors. These films were very popular in America, and Hollywood became important in the film-making industry. The first "talkie" (film and sound) was shown in America in 1927. It was called "The Jazz Singer".

2. IJpollmume OaHHble npeOJlO;JK:eHWl, onpeae11ume UX 6U006peMeH­ Hy10 <fJopMy, nepeeeoume Ha pyccKuu Jl.3blK.

1) These articles will be translated by us. 2) The criminal is being looked for. 3) The doctor is examining the patient. 4) He was examining a student when she came in. 5) The child is washed by mother. 6) Mary will invite us. 7) The flat has been cleaned by somebody. 8) This shop will have been opened by June.

3. PacKpoume CK06Ku, ynompe611RR 211azo11b1 6 Present, Past, Future Simple (Passive Voice).

1) His car (to steal) last night. 2) Cheese (to make) from milk. 3) The dog (to give) some food in ten minutes. 4) The telegram (to receive) last week. 5) He (to give) a lot of money last month. 6) All the students (to invite) to the party next week. 7) I (to allow) to go for a walk now. 8) This man (to arrest) last year. 9) My question (to answer) soon. 10) The article (to translate) in some days. 11) This newspaper (to sell) everywhere.

4. 3(]MeHume OeucmeumeJlbHblU 3QJlOZ cmpaoameJlbHblM.

1) Many people attend the lectures.. 2) Someone.has eaten the cake.-

3) He will leave the ticket on the table. 4) People speak English in many countries. 5) The gardener has planted some apple-trees. 6) His parents have bought him a new bicycle. 7) They will advertise the product on TV.

8) An actor killed President Abraham Lincoln. 9) The Chinese invented paper. 10) The French government gave the Statue of Liberty to the American People. 11) Columbus discovered America. 12) They took books to the classroom. 13) They sent for a doctor. 14) Last night someone broke into the house. 15) They grow bananas in Africa.

5. llepeaeoume Ha QHZJIUUCKUU Jl3blK 6blOefleHHble 2J/aZOJlbZ."

1) A lot of houses nocmpoeno in Moscow and other towns.

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2) When 6b1Jlo Hanuca110 this letter?

3) The letter 6ww 11anuca110 this morning.

4) Whom 6yoem nepeeeoe11a this article into English?

5) The article nepeeeoe11a already.

6) This question 06cy:J1CoaJtcJZ when we came in.

7) Where are the students? They 3K3aMeHy10mcJ1. now in the next room.

8) By the time they arrive the work 3aKOHtJeHa.

6. JlocmaBbme maWJlbl (oaHHbze e CKo6Kax) e cmpaoamellbHOM 3aJto­ ze. Ilepeeeoume npeiJnoxe11UJZ.

1)I wanted to help but saw that the table (to lay) already. 2) I understood

the rule after it (to explain) to me twice. 3) The door was locked. Ihoped the key (to leave) under the door mat by my mother and so it was. 4) I was very angry that my name and address (to give) her. S)We had better buy bread now. Idon't think we'll be back before eight and the baker's (to close) by that time.

7. IlepeeeiJume Ha aH2fl.UUCKUU Jl3blK, ynompe6RRR mazoJlbl 6 Present, Past, Future Simple (Passive wiu Active).

1) nonpocWI cBoero,D,pyra noMo% MHe.

2) Mewr nonpocmm noMO% eMy.

3) YqnTem.,D,aJI yqeHHKaM Tpy,D,Hoe 3a,lJ.aHHe.

4) YqeHHKaM.JJ,a.rrn: Tpy,D,Hoe 3a,lJ.aHHe.

5) MbI qacTO o6cy)K.JJ,aeM BIDKHbie BonpocbI,ZJ;OMa.

6) Ba)J(Hbie Bo11poc&1 Mhl o6cy>K,ll;aeM,D,OMa.

7) 3aBTpa OH 3aKoHqHT 3TY pa6ory.

8) 3Ta pa6oTa 6y,n:eT 3aKoHqeHa 3aBTpa.

9) 0Ha CKaJaJia HaM npaa,D,y.

10) HaM cK8.38JIH rrpaa,ZJ;y.

11) OH sepHeT KHHfY BOBpeMH.

12) KIDira 6y,D,eT B03Bpam;eHa BOBpeMH.

13) 3TH)J.OMa IlOCTpOHJIH,ZJ;Ba ro)l.a Ha3a,r(.

14) 0HH BCTpeTfil Hae Ha BOK3aJie.

MoAaJILHhle n1aroJJLI

(The Modal Verbs)

Mo,ZJ;arr1>H&1e rnaron1>1 o6o3HaqaIOT OTHoweHHe K,D,eiiCTBHIO, a He caMo

,D,eHCTBHe H BblCT)'IlaIOT B nape co CMblCJIOBblM rnaronoM.

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Mo)l.aJibHbie rnarom.1Ha3bIBaIOT He,D,OCTaTOqHb!MH, T. K. OHH He HMeIOT CJie.JJ,yIOII{HX rnarOJibHhlX <J?opM H npH3HaKOB: -s B 3-M JI. e,D,. q,, HaCT. Bp.;

<J?opMhl HH<)?HHHTHBa; rrpHqacTHH; repyH,ll;HH; BpeMeHHblX <PopM, KpOMe Present Simple I Past Simple; to nocne ce6H, KpoMe used to, ought to, have to, be to; <jlopM Future, KOTOpoe nepe,naeTcH 3KBHBa.rreHTaMH.

MoAaJJLH1>1e rJiaroJJbl

fnaron ITepeBO'A Present Past Future Can YMem1e, crroco6HoCTL, pll3- You can do it You could You will

perneHHe HJIH npoc1>6a B do it be able to Be)l(JIHBOH cpopMe do it

May Pll3pell!eHHe, npH not - We may go We might We will be 3anpem;eHHe,COMHeHHe go allowed to

go

Must Ofot3aHHocTr,,.noJl)l(eHCTeo- We must do We had to We will eaHHe, TBep,llWIHeo6xo.nH· it. do it. have to do MOCTh We need not We were it

do it not to

come here

Shall HaMepeHHe, npe.nnoJIO)l(emte I shall do it You should

read it

Will)KenaHHe, Teep.noe HaMepe- I will go there Iwould go HHe, yaepeHHOCTh B 6y.ny- there

II(eM

Ought to MopaIIl>HJ>IH.11orrr, HaCTOJI- You ought to TeJIJ>Hl>IH COBeT, CTpOfaJI pe- write this KOMeH.Ull.ll;MJI letter

Need 0TC)'TCTBHe HC06xo.n;HMOCTH, Need he work Heo6J1JaTeJil>HOCTJ> so late?

We need not have hurried

Dare CMeTh, IIOCMeTJ> (B Bonpoce How dare

H OTpm:i;amrn: He CMeTl>), you speak to

.nep3Hyrh, OCMeJIHTl>CJI me?

He dare not tell it to me

Should 06HJa.HHOCTL (MeHee CHJIL- He shouldn't Ha.JI, qeM must), coaer, peKo- smoke so MeH.Uaum1, ynpeK, co)l(aJie- much.

_J

HHe You should

not cut your hair

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f JiaroJI	ITepeso	Present	Past	Future
Would	)Kemume, BeJKJlllBW! npoch6a	Would you like to come again?
Have to	Bb1H)')K.lleHHOCTh, 06.113_au- HOCTb	Ihave to read this book	Ihad to read this book yesterday	I'll have to read this book tomorrow
Be to	)];oJIJKeHCTBOBlUUle B c1rny .norosopeuuocr11 mm rumua	Iam to study English	Iwas to study English	I'llbe to study English

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