Higher education in great Britain

III. READING

II. VOCABULARY

Упражнение 1. Выучите слова по теме «Высшее образование». Составьте предложения с этими словами.

college [`koliX] колледж (в составе университета или самостоятельное высшее учебное заведение)

department [di`pa:tmənt] отделение

faculty [`fækəlti] факультет

former polytechnic бывший политехнический институт

[`fo:mə,poli`teknik]

full-time study дневное обучение

hall of residence общежитие

grant [gra:nt] стипендия (выплачивается студентам из средств

государственного бюджета или местных органов власти)

higher education высшее образование

Local Education Authority местный комитет по образованию

[`ləukəl,edju`kei∫n o:`θoriti]

on the basis of “A” level results на основе результатов экзаменов

продвинутого уровня

postgraduate degree ученая степень (выше бакалавра)

[,pəust`grædjuit di`gri:]

tutor [ `tju:tə] руководитель группы студентов, наставник

tutorial system система наставничества

undergraduate course базовый университетский курс

to accept [ək`sept] = to admit принимать, зачислять

to award (for smth) присуждать (за что-либо)

to cover [`kΛvə] покрывать

to cover the cost (of smth) покрывать расходы на что-либо

to deal [di:l] with иметь дело, касаться

to differ [`difə] отличаться; различаться

to divide [di`vaid] (into) делить

to introduce [,intrə`dju:s] вводить, внедрять

to introduce a system of loans ввести систему займов

to pay платить

to pay back выплатить деньги; вернуть деньги

to provide обеспечивать

to receive получать

to take … years занимать … лет

living expenses стоимость проживания

to make a contribution сделать пожертвование

зд.: возместить часть расходов

Упражнение 1. Прочитайте и переведите текст, обращая внимание на слова выделенные курсивом.

Higher education in Great Britain is provided by a great number of universities and polytechnics. There are about 50 universities in the country. They are divided into three types: the old universities (Oxford, Cambridge and Edinburgh Universities), the 19^th century universities such as London and Manchester universities, and the new universities. The new universities are divided into various faculties, e.g. the faculty of science, faculty of social and economic studies. In each faculty there may be a number of departments dealing with separate subjects. Some years ago there were also polytechnics (now universities). After graduating from a polytechnic a student got a degree, but it was not a university degree. 30 former polytechnics were given university status in 1992. There are not only universities in Britain but also 350 colleges and institutes of higher education (some of which train teachers or professions connected with medicine). There is a competition to get into the best universities. They accept students mainly on the basis of their “A” level results.

The rules of teaching process differ from university to university. The teaching is based on the tutorial system as well as lectures. Each student has a tutor. He decides what lectures the students must attend, recommends books for reading, discusses and criticizes their written works. All lectures and examinations for all students are organized by the University authorities.

The academic year in Britain is divided into three terms, which usually run from October to December, from January to March and from April to June. Undergraduate courses normally take three years of full-time study, although a number of subjects take longer, including foreign languages (where courses include a year abroad). Medicine and dentistry courses are 5-7 years. After these years of studies and successful final examinations the students get their first degree B.A. – Bachelor of Arts or B.Sc. – Bachelor of Science. There are various postgraduate degrees, including Master and Doctor of Philosophy. The last two are awarded for research in arts and sciences.

At present, students who have been accepted by universities or other institutions of higher education receive a grant from their Local Education Authority, which covers the cost of the course, and may cover living expenses (accommodation, transport and food). This grant depends on the income of parents. Parents with higher incomes are expected to make a contribution. Until 1990 the grant did not have to be paid back, but now a system of loans has been introduced. That is why most students are to work. But students don’t usually have a job during term time because lectures and tutorials (small groups) are full time. However, many students now have to work in the evenings or during their vacation.

Most students live away from home, in flats or halls of residence.

Упражнение 2. Определите, являются ли данные утверждения

а) истинными

б) ложными

в) в тексте нет информации.

1. All types of higher educational institutions can be divided into three types: the old universities, the 19^th century universities, and the new universities.

2. Students have to take A-level exams to enter a university.

3. The task of a tutor is to help the student in his or her studies.

4. Engineering courses are usually longer than a usual course.

5. Bachelor’s degree is the lowest degree which a British student can get.

6. The grant paid by the Local Education Authority must cover the cost of the course.

7. The grant has to be paid back.

Дата добавления: 2014-12-27