Lesson 1 Creativity

Unit IX Developing creativity

Imagine that you are a scientist studying the process of thinking. Explain to your group mates

a) Freud’s biological theory of thinking;

b) Piaget’s theory of thinking;

c). Dewey's trouble theoryof thought.

9. Explain theorigins of thinking as you understand it.

1. Study the following words:

matter ['mWtB] – (зд.) дело, вопрос

confine [kBn'fain] – 1. ограничивать, 2. придерживаться (чего-л., to confine strictly to the subject- строго придерживаться темы

find out [faind aut] – выяснять

paratelic [pWrW'telik] – парателический

solution [sB'luGn] – решение, разрешение вопроса

facilitate [fB'silBteit] – облегчать, содействовать, способствовать, продвигать.

deliberate – a [di'libBrBt] – 1. преднамеренный, умышленный, нарочитый; 2. обдуманный, 3. осторожный

v [di ' libBreit] – 1. обдумывать, взвешивать, 2. совещаться, обсуждать, to ~ on (upon, over, about) a matter – обсуждать вопрос

feasibility [ti:zB'biliti] – 1. осуществимость, выполнимость

2. возможность, вероятность

break away – 1. убежать, вырваться (из тюрьмы и т.п.),

2. покончить (from – с), 3. отделиться, отпасть

empower [im'pauB] – 1. уполномочивать, давать возможность, разрешать (делать что-либо)

emerge [i'mM:dF] – 1. появляться, выходить, всплывать,

2. выясняться, 3. вставать (о вопросе)

anxiety [WE'zaiBti] – 1. беспокойство, тревога, 2. опасение, забота, 3. разг. - страстное желание (for – чего-л.)

fluency [flu:Bnsi] – плавность, беглость (речи)

envision [in'viFn] – книжн. воображать (что-л.), представлять себе

vision [ 'viFn] – 1. зрение, 2. `видение, to have another ~ - смотреть на вещи иначе

2. Read the following word combinations several times and remember them:

held vision – существующее, установившееся `видение

desired vision – желаемое `видение

existing reality – существующая реальность

existing patterns – существующие модели, образцы

problem solving – решение проблем

envisioned outcome – представляемый результат, исход

tension-resolution system – система снятия напряжения

3. Make the derivatives from the following words:

Create, original, to produce, power, frequent, conscious, excite, provide.

8. Write the three forms of the following verbs:

Be, break, may, have, mean, hold, put, find, sink, come, show, make, get, keep, feel, do, can, think.

1. Make sure that you know all the words in the box. Then read their definitions and match the words with the definitions:

Creativity, anxiety, fluency, system, solution, pattern, power, problem

- emotional condition in which there is fear and uncertainty about the future;

- strength, force, ability to do something

- question to be solved or decided, especially something difficult;

- process of finding an answer or explanation, way of dealing with a difficulty;

- something used as a model or the way in which something happens, develops, is arranged;

- a person’s ability to create something

- the quality of being fluent;

- group of parts or things working together in a regular relation;

1. Form adverbs from the following adjectives (with the help of the suffices – ly) and translate them:

Creative, fluent, original, obvious, conscious, energetic, progressive, current, frequent, spontaneous, typical, different, productive, alternative, deliberate.

1. Give the Russian equivalents to the following words and word combinations. Use your dictionary if necessary:

Creativity; to confine; existing reality; to break away; frequently; paratelic process; preparation; issue; tofind out; unconscious; a desired vision; apply to smth.; to identify the problem; excitement; to empower, a creative process; to consider the situation; solution; to happen; playing around; very creative people; feasibility; matter; problem solving; anxiety; obviously; existing patterns, fluency; desired vision; to envision; to produce, emerge;envisioned outcome.

1. Read the following text and get ready to discuss it.

Creativity is a special kind of thinking that involves originality and fluency that breaks away from existing patterns and introduces something new. Creativity may be applied to problem solving, in which case it facilitates the generation of a range of possible solutions, in particular to problems which have no single right answer. Alternatively, and most productively, it may be applied to the process of creating – this means the realising of a held vision, empowered by a tension-resolution system which is put in place by the existing reality being differentiated from a desired vision.

So creativity is obviously something that happens frequently in everyday life rather, than something confined to poets, painters and musicians. The creative process appears typically to follow four stages: Preparation – considering the situation is a telic and paratelic process, playing around with ideas and deliberating on their feasibility; then, identifying the problem, issue, theme or vision, finding out what one really wants to achieve, causes a reversal to paratelic excitement. Incubation – the matter sinks into the unconscious; if access to the unconscious is blocked (such as by anxiety) this resource (the processing power of whole brain) may be limited or slow to emerge. Also, within consciousness, current reality is further compared to the envisioned outcome, to energise the incubation and provide more data. Illumination – imaginative ideas emerge spontaneously into consciousness and in the paratelic state the individual gets to work making them a reality.

Very creative people seem to show a three-stage process to their work: familiarisation, incubation, and activity.

1. Answer the following questions:

1. What does the term creativity mean?

2. What processes may creativity be applied to?

3. What may creativity most productively be applied to?

4. Does creativity happen frequently in everyday life?

5. What stages does the creative process appear typically to follow?

6. Which stage is called a telic and paratelic process?

7. What is the second stage?

8. When does the matter sink into the unconsciousness?

9. What does the illumination stage mean?

10. Who can show a three-stage creative process in their work?

14. Say whether the following statements are true or false:

1. Creativity is a special kind of speaking.

2. Creativity involves originality and fluency of thinking.

3. Creativity may be applied only to problem solving.

4. Creativity is confined to poets, painters and musicians.

5. Creativity is a process that takes place frequently in everyday life.

6. The creative process typically follows four main stages.

7. Preparation is …

8. While identifying the problem people …

9. Incubationmeans that…

10. Illuminationis the stage at which …

11. Very creative people …

1. Finish the following sentences in accordance with the text:

1. Creativity is a special kind of …

2. Creativity may be applied to …

3. Most productively creativity may be applied to …

4. Creativity is obviously something that …

5. The creative process typically consists of …

6. Preparation stage means that a person plays around with ideas and deliberates on their feasibility.

7. The second stage is illumination.

8. When incubation occurs the matter sinks into the unconscious.

9. Illumination means that a person switches on the light in the room where he (she) works.

10. Very creative people act in three stages.

1. Rewrite the following sentences using the Passive Voice:

1. Creativity is a process that involves originality and fluency.

2. People apply creativity to the problem-solving and to the process of creating something.

3. Scientists divide the creative process into four stages.

4. Psychologists call a telic and paratelic process “preparation”.

5. Preparation, identifying the problem, incubation and illumination compose the process of creativity.

6. Many psychologists study the process of creativity.

7. Existing reality put in place a held vision.

8. Some processes in the brain block the access to the unconsciousness.

9. Incubation may limit or slow the processing power of whole brain.

1. Read the definition of a psychological process and name it:

- A telic and paratelic process of considering the situation.

- A kind of thinking that involves originality and fluency that breaks away from existing patterns and introduces something new.

- A psychological process during which imaginative ideas emerge spontaneously into consciousness.

- The process that causes a reversal to paratelic excitement.

- The process when the matter sinks into the unconsciousness.

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