VIII. Read the text and answer the questions

VII. Speak about memory and its classification.

VI. Make up sentences from the following words and word combinations.

V. Complete the sentences.

IV. Find English equivalents in the text

III. Give Russian equivalents of the following.

II. Answer the question expressing your own opinion. (no less that 10 sentences).

What is the mystery of memory?

Basic characteristics of the mind; external influences; subsequent behav­iour; the accumulation of individual experience; images of the outer world; with­out leaving a trace; preserved and reproduced images; memorization, retention and reproduction; participation in the person's activity; best explored area of psychology; over all others; be unable to reproduce; relations with the environ­ment; a long chain of associations; the second signaling system; the assimila­tion of knowledge.

Основные признаки психической деятельности; отражение внешних вли­яний; накопление индивидуального опыта; образы внешнего мира; возни­кать в коре головного мозга; запоминание, сохранение, воспроизведение и забывание; наиболее изученная область психологии; характер умственной активности; произвольный и непроизвольный виды памяти; способность к воспоминанию эмоций; связи с окружающей средой; длинная цепочка ас­социаций; вторая сигнальная-система; усвоение знаний.

1. The growing complexity of behaviour is referable to....

2. Memory can be defined as....

3. Memory includes four principal processes:....

4. The memorisation is connected with....

5. The retention of material depends on....

6. Modern investigation of memory focuses on....

7. The psychologists classify memory on three main criteria:....

8. Motor memory consists of....

9. Emotional memory is....

10. Verbal-logical memory is....

1. Is; to the accumulation of; complexity of behaviour; individual experience; the growing; referable.

2. Are; in accordance with; preserved and reproduced; the needs of the individual's life; images; activity; and.

3. Subsequent reproduction; memorization; can be defined; by an individual; memory; of; as; his experience; retention.

4. The memorization; the accumulation of; is connected with; vital activity; individual experience; his; during.

5. Man's mental life; is; important; memory; man; the most; definitive characteristic of.

6. Psychology; is; explored areas memory; one of the best; of.

7. Memory; consists of; various movements; motor; retention; memorization; reproduction; and; of.

8. A capacity; emotional; emotions; memory; to remember; is.

9. Thoughts; verbal-logical memory; is; the content of.

1. Have you ever thought about the quality of your own memory?

2. Why is it necessary to give it enough exercise?

3. What useful means of training one's memory could you suggest?

4. What sort of information do you remember better: names, numbers, dates, times?

If you do not use your arms or your legs for some time, they become weak; when you start using them again, they slowly become strong again. Everybody knows this, and nobody would think of questioning this fact. Yet there are many people who do not seem to know that the memory works in the same way. When someone says that he has a good memory, he really means that he keeps his memory in practice by exercising it regularly, either consciously or unconsciously. When someone else says that his memory is poor, he really means that he does not give it enough opportunity to become strong. The position is exactly the same as that of two people, one of whom exercises his arms and legs by playing tennis, while the other sits in a chair or motor car all day.

If a friend complains that his arms are weak, we know that it is his own fault. But if he tells us that he has a poor memory, many of us think his parents are to be blame, or that he is just unlucky, and few of us realize that it is just as much his own fault as if it was his arms and legs that were weak. Not all of us can become extremely strong or extremely clever; but all of us can, if we have ordinary bodies and brains, improve our strength and our memory by the same means-practice.

Have you ever noticed that people who cannot read or write usually have better memories than those who can? Why is this? Of course, because those who cannot read or write have to remember things: they cannot write them down in a little notebook. They have to remember dates, times, and prices, names, songs and stories; so their memory is the whole time being exercised. So if you want a good memory, learn to practice remembering.

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