Infinitive

UNIT 7

Exercise 16. Do the following multiple choice test.

Exercise 15. Take time and dwell on the following topics.

· The Big Bang and subatomic world

· The matter makeup

· Phase changes in everyday life and subatomic world

· Laboratory experimentation with subatomic particles

1. I don’t approve of your behavior. You’d better stop... with everybody.

a. to quarrel

b. quarreling

c. quarrel

2. Helen seemed genuinely pleased... seeing me.

a. with

b. at

c. on

3. Much depends... your making a decision at the right time.

a. on

b. at

c. about

4. The teacher had to stop several times... the rule because she saw that it was difficult for the children to understand it.

a. explaining

b. to explain

c. explain

5. If I were you, I’d think twice... accepting their invitation. There is something fishy about it.

a. before

b. through

c. on

6. Bob found himself in an awkward situation... coming to see his friend too early.

a. without

b. for

c. through

7. Let’s get together tonight. I want to talk about... a new business.

a. opening

b. open

c. to open

8. I am not at all sure if Arthur is really interested... the truth.

a. in learning

b. to learn

c. learn

9. He was suspected... concealing important information from the police.

a. of

b. in

c. at

10. The child hurt her leg badly and started to complain... having severe pains in it.

a. of

b. about

c. at

11. We can’t help... knowledgeable and industrious people.

a. to admire

b. admiring

c. being admired

12. Don’t be afraid... into the swimming pool; it’s quite deep.

a. of diving

b. to dive

c. dive

13. Speaking... thinking is like shooting without aim.

a. without

b. on

c. by

14. I know it’s my fault. I’d like to beg your pardon... letting you down.

a. by

b. for

c. on

15.... washing up, she dropped a plate and nearly broke it.

a. while

b. without

c. by

GRAMMAR: Infinitive. Infinitive vs. Gerund

TEXTS: “Fiber-Optic Technology”; “Copper and Technology”

Forms of the Infinitive

	Active	Passive
Non-Perfect	to do, to be, to study	to be done, to be studied
Perfect	to have done, to have been, to have studied	to have been done to have been studied
Non-perfect Continuous	to be doing	‑
Perfect Continuous	to have been doing	‑

1. Підмет	To see means to believe. Not to have asked for permission was our mistake.	Бачити означає вірити. Те, що ми не спитали дозволу, було нашою помилкою.
2. Присудок іменна частина складного присудка*	He turned out to be very good in Mathematics. They seem not to have noticed the change. Professor Smith is known to have written numerous articles in this field. These books are considered to have been returned to the library long ago.	Виявилось, що він добре знає математику. Здається, вони не помітили зміни. Відомо, що професор Сміт написав дуже багато статей у цій області. Вважалося, що ці книги вже давно повернули до бібліотеки.
3. Означення використовується після прикметників	He was the first to observe this phenomenon. His article is not so interesting to be discussed at the meeting. This report was the last to be presented at the conference.	Він першим спостерігав це явище. Ця стаття не така вже і цікава, щоб її обговорювати на зборах. Це була остання доповідь, що була представлена на конференції.
4. Додаток ** простий (1 особа і дві або більше дій) I want to read this book. складний (2 або більше особи і дві або більше дії) I want you to read this book.	We hope to get there before dark. They forgot to have been invited to the wedding. He would like his children to get a classical education. I don’t believe them to have told the truth. The teacher expected the students not to be cheating during the test.	Ми сподіваємось дістатися туди до темряви. Вони забули, що їх запросили на весілля. Він би хотів, щоб його діти отримали класичну освіту. Я не вірю, що вони сказали правду. Вчитель очікував, що студенти не будуть списувати під час тесту.
5. Обставина мети	He is going to Kyiv to settle the matter with his business.   The students went to the library to be given books.	Він поїде до Києва владнати питання про своє підприємство. Студенти пішли до бібліотеки, щоб їм видали підручники.

* Використовується після активних дієслів, таких як to seem, to turn out, і таких пасивних дієслів, як to say, to speak, to know, to believe, to suppose, to write, to consider.

** Використовується після таких дієслів: як простий додаток – to afford, to agree, to aim, to appear, to attempt, to claim, to decide, to deserve, to fail, to forget, to hope, to learn, to manage, to offer, to plan, to promise, to refuse, to tend, to threaten; як складний додаток – to want, to ask, to help, to expect, to mean, to tell, to order, to remind, to force, to enable, to teach, to warn, to invite, to persuade, to advise, to recommend, to forbid.

For smb to do smth
The lecture turned out to be useful for the students to apply its information in their own studies	Лекція виявилась настільки цікавою, що студенти використали інформацію для своїх власних досліджень.

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