Participle II. Model: Squeezed by ice the steamer could not continue the way. Так как пароход был сжат льдом

Model:

Squeezed by ice the steamer could not continue the way.

Так как пароход был сжат льдом, он не мог продолжать свой путь.

Примечание 1. Participle II от глаголов to give и to grant в начале предложения переводятся: given – если дано, granted – если имеется, given that (granted that) - если допустить; в том случае, если; при условии, что.

Models:

Given the exact data you can calculate the volume.	Если даны точные данные, можно вычислить объем.
Granted that the organism is a physico-chemical system...	Если допустить, что организм – это физико-химическая система…

Exercise 3. Translate into Russian.

1. Displaced into the adrenal body some of the embryonic cells become differentiated into ganglion cells. 2. Encouraged by the work done on the acetylcholinesterase activity in the cochlear, the labirinthine part has been investigated in similar way. 3. Kept in horizontal position the 2 instruments were placed on the ground, one of them with the other without a shelter. 4. Cultivated under favourable conditions the vegetation is getting dense and luxuriant. 5. Compared with its external and internal medium, the axon membrane has high electric resistance when at rest, becoming a good conductor only when in the depolarized state. 6. Expressed in terms of the developmental concept of vegetation migratory communities are the beginnings of series which can culminate in stable vegetation. 7. Faced with the problem of delimiting the field to be discussed, the reviewers found their assignment difficult. 8. Loved by all who knew him, he devoted his life to others. 9. Lost for many years, the manuscript suddenly turned up again. 10. Hidden in the cellar, the money was not discovered for many years. 11. Arrived at the ship, the passengers were shown their cabins. 12. Exhausted by the long journey he soon fell asleep. 13. Bitterly disappointed, the explorers set out on the return journey. 14. Given the centre, we know immediately the values of A. and T. 15. Given the parameters listed in the table, the melting curve was reconstructed from equation 2. 16. Granted that the constantly hot and constantly moist climate is more primitive than the other climate of today, we can regard as most primitive the life-form best adapted to such a climate.

Exercise 4. Translate into English. Follow the model.

1. Если вопрос рассматривать с этой точки зрения, он представит большой интерес. 2. Если гипотеза сформулирована в простой форме, она гласит следующее. 3. Когда ему задали этот вопрос, он отказался отвечать на него. 4. Когда ребенка оставили в темноте одного, он заплакал. 5. Хотя его критиковали за эгоизм, он тем не менее был очень популярен. 6. Хотя художник не был признан при жизни, его высоко оценили после смерти. 7. Так как я устал от недосыпания, я уснул прямо за письменным столом. 8. Хотя книга написана много лет назад, она по-прежнему актуальна.

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