Ex.2.9. Translate the following sentences into Russian

Bring back Smith

Economics argue for cutting universities loose from government and allowing them to raise money through fees, for which students could borrow, either pri­vately or from the government. Fees would rise a lot. The government says that the current £1,100 fees cover a quarter of the cost of educating students. UUK says the real cost is higher, and the difference appears in the deficits that around half of Britain's universities are running. Sir Rich­ard Sykes, the rector of Imperial College, recently calculated that Imperial loses £2,800 annually on every undergraduate, and proposed charging the full cost, around £10,500, to students whose fam­ilies could afford it.

In its last manifesto, Labour promised not to introduce top-up fees, but Tony Blair is now believed to favour them - per­suaded, it is said, by Lord Jenkins, a former Labour chancellor of the exchequer, now chancellor of Oxford University. But other cabinet members, such as Gordon Brown, the current chancellor, are reckoned to be hostile. They fear that fees, even if intro­duced with a state-backed loans system, would put off poorer people.

If ministers shy away from this sol­ution, there is talk that some top universi­ties may decide to cut themselves loose, and do without government subsidy. Adam Smith would approve. He taught at Glasgow University, where academics were paid directly by students, and he thought the teaching was better in such universities than in those subsidised by the church or the state. A teacher's dili­gence, he observed, "is likely to be propor­tioned to the motive which he has for ex­erting it". Britain's universities have been subjected to socialist centralism for too long. It would be good to bring a bit of Smith back into them.

1. There was an especially big boom in the number of young people going on to higher education in the late 1980s and early 1990s, which has since levelled off: Tony Blair wants to revive it, and has set a target for 50% of 18-to-30-year-olds to ex­perience higher education by 2010

2. Some universities are looking to poorer coun­tries - South Korea, China, Eastern Eu­rope - to fill junior posts

3. the tendency of policy has been to erase or deny the differences between them

4. This tendency was most starkly mani­fest in the decision by the last Conserva­tive government, in 1992, to scrap the dis­tinction between universities and what were previously known as polytechnics

5. It is difficult conclusively to prove the no­tion that Britain's top universities are fall­ing behind their international counter­parts, such as Harvard and Yale

6. it is diffi­cult to compare the modular education of­fered in top American colleges with Britain's single-subject approach

7. British universities seem to be doing rather well. They still attract more than their fair share of foreign students.

8. By British standards, UCL has a vast research budget; but it is running a deficit and has lost academic staff to America

9. One of the stated aims of these changes was to improve access to university for less-well-off teenagers. But the wide gap between the proportions of students who come from the top social classes and the bottom ones hasn't shrunk

10. In mitigation…

Ex.2.10. Find in the article above the English for the following words and phrases:

1) переход от … к… 2) один из трёх 3) поставить цель 4) расходы на одного студента 5) снизиться на … % 6) увеличиться на … % 7) соотношение между студентами и преподавателями удвоилось 8) исправить положение 9) изучать огромное разнообразие предметов 10) отставать от 11) Нобелевская премия 12) лауреаты Нобелевской премии 13) надвигается кризис 14) страстный защитник 15) большое число отчисляемых (студентов) 16) отпугнуть 17) обходиться без правительственных дотаций (субсидий)

Ex.2.11. Find in the article above words and phrases which mean:

1) the effect or result of an action or event

2) sb/sth (with sth) (often passive) to cause trouble, pain or distress to sb/sth

3) without plan or order; random

4) unable to consider or plan for the future (first meaning – unable to see distant things clearly)

5) to manage sth wrongly or badly

6) (in sth) a sudden increase in population, trade, etc; a period of wealth and success

7) to come or bring back into use, existence, fashion, etc

8) to become worse in quality or condition

9) the combining of two or more commercial companies, etc into one

10) a sum of money given by an organization, esp the government, for a particular purpose

Ex.2.12. Fill in with words from the previous exercise:

1) What was the ___________ of your meeting?

2) Our company lost an important order because the directors _____________ the negotiations.

3) He was awarded a research ____________ by the government.

4) His health ____________ rapidly and he died two weeks later.

5) The government’s approach to the problem was ____________ and _____________ therefore not satisfactory.

6) Seeing her old friend again _____________ memories of her childhood.

7) She is ___________ (ie suffers from) arthritis.

8) The two companies are considering the possibility of a ____________.

9) The oil market is enjoying an unprecedented _____________.

10) Severe drought has ____________ the countryside.

11) Interest in this composer’s music has ____________ recently.

12) You can get a ___________ to repair of your house.

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