These are s books. The books are good. 1 страница

This is s meat. The meat is fresh.

неисчисляемое

множественное число

Упражнение 3

Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.

1. This is... pen.... pen is red. 2. These are pen­cils.... pencils are black. 3. This is... soup.... soup is tasty. 4. In the morning I eat... sandwich and drink... tea. 5. She gave me... coffee and... cake.... coffee was hot.... cake was tasty. 6. Do you like... ice cream? 7. I see... book in your... hand. Is... book interesting? 8. Do you need... camera? 9. He never eats... meat, he always eats... vegetables,... cereals,... seeds,... fruit, and... nuts. He is... ve­getarian. 10. This is... pineapple.... pineapple is delicious. 11. Elaine,... apples are good for you!

12. My... cousin is upset. He's got... sore throat.

13. This is... cottage cheese.... cottage cheese is fresh. 14. She bought... meat,... butter and... po­tatoes yesterday. She also bought... cake.... cake was very... tasty. We ate... cake with... tea.

8_________ ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ _________

15. This is my... table. On... table I have... book, two... pencils,... pen and... paper. 16. This is... bag.... bag is brown. It is my sister's... bag. And this is my... bag. It is... yellow.

Запомните следующие словосочетания, в которых артикль не употребляется:

at • school at s home at • work

Упражнение 4

Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.

1. I have two... sisters. My... sisters are... stu­dents. 2. We are at... home. 3. My... brother is not at... home, he is at... school. 4. My... mother is at... work. She is... doctor. 5. I am not... doctor. 6. I have no... sister. 7. He is not... pilot. 8. I have thirty-two... teeth. 9. He has... child. 10. She has two... children. Her children are at... school.

11. Is your father at... home? — No, he is at... work.

12. Where is your... brother? — He is at... home.

Если перед существительным употребляется

прилагательное, оно стоит между артиклем

и существительным.

• E.g. This is a book. This is a good book.

Упражнение 5

Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.

1. We have... large... family. 2. My granny of­ten tells us... long... interesting... stories. 3. My

Артикль 9

... father is... engineer. He works at... factory.... factory is large. 4. My... mother is... doctor. She works at... large... hospital. She is at... work now. 5. My... aunt is... teacher. She works at... school.... school is good. My... aunt is not at... school now. She is at... home. She is drinking... tea and eating... jam.... jam is sweet. I am at... home, too. I am drinking... tea and eating... sandwich.... sandwich is tasty. 6. My sister is at... school. She is... pupil. 7. My cousin has... big... black... cat. My cousin's... cat has two... kittens.... cat likes... milk.... kittens like... milk, too. 8. I am... engineer. 9. My... son is... pupil. 10. He is... good... pupil. 11. This is... house. 12. This is my... pencil. 13. You have some... pencils, but I have no... pen­cil. Give me... pencil, please.

Часто, даже упоминая предмет впервые, мы тем не менее употребляем перед ним определенный ар­тикль:

а) если упоминаемый предмет является един­
ственным в мире:

• E.g. The sun is shining brightly.

б) если этот предмет является определенным по
ситуации:

• E.g. Put the book on the table.

Упражнение 6

Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.

1. What's... weather like today? —... weather is fine. 2.... sun is yellow. 3.... sky is grey today. 4.... Earth is... planet. 5. We had... English les­son yesterday.... teacher asked me many... ques­tions.... questions were difficult. 6. Where is your

10 ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ

... brother? — Не is at... home. He is in his... room. He is sitting at... table. He is doing his... home­work.... homework is difficult. 7. Our... cat is sit­ting on... sofa. 8. It is very dark in... room. Turn on... light, please. 9. Nick went into... bathroom, turned on... water and washed his... hands.

Упражнение 7

Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.

1. This is... good... book. Take... book from... table. Put this... book into... bookcase. 2.... weather is fine today.... sky is blue.... sun is shin­ing brightly in... blue... sky. 3. This is... boy.... boy is at... school. He is... pupil. This... boy is my... brother's... friend. He has... cat, but he has no... dog. He likes his... cat. He gives... cat... milk every day. 4. Yesterday I received... letter from my... friend.... letter was interesting. 5. We live in... big house. I like... house very much. 6. Are you... worker? — No, I am... student. 7. I like your... beautiful... flower. Give me... flower, please. 8. My... mother is at... home. She is reading... interest­ing... book. 9. My... father is not at... home. He is at... work. He is... doctor. He is... good... doctor. He works at... hospital.... hospital is large.

Кроме того, существует огромное количество так называемых устойчивых словосочетаний, в которых артикль употребляется или отсутствует традиционно. Эти словосочетания приходится заучивать наизусть.

Запомните следующие конструкции:

There is a.... Where is the...?

Артикль 11

Запомните также следующие предложения:

The (book) is on the (table). • Ho: The (book) is on a little (table)¹.

Упражнение 8

Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.

1. There is... big tree in... garden. 2. There is... bank near here. — Where is... bank? 3. There is... new supermarket in... centre of our... town.

4. There is... hotel over there.... hotel isn't cheap.

5. Where is... cat? —... cat is on... sofa. 6. Where is... book? —... book is on... shelf. 7. Where are... flowers? —... flowers are in... beautiful vase. 8. Where is... vase? —... vase is on... little table near... window. 9. Open... window, please.... weather is fine today. I can see... sun in... sky. I can see... nice little bird.... bird is sitting in... big tree.... tree is green. 10. There is... little white cloud in... sky. 11. We have... large room. There is... big sofa in... room and... little lamp on... wall over... sofa. I like to sit on... sofa and read... good book.

Запомните следующее устойчивое словосочетание:

in s front (of)

¹ Существительное, стоящее в скобках, может быть лю­бым. Прилагательное также может быть любым. Вместо пред­лога "on" может быть любой другой предлог или заменяющее его словосочетание, напр. "in front of".

12________ ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ _________

Упражнение 9

Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.

1. There is... wonderful small computer in... front of... books there. 2. Where is... soup? —... soup is in... big saucepan on... gas cooker. 3. Where are... cutlets? —... cutlets are in... refrigerator on... little plate. 4. There is no... bread on... ta­ble. Where is... bread? 5. There is... little brown coffee table in our... room in... front of... sofa. 6. Where is... table in your... room? 7. There is... thick carpet on... floor in my mother's... room.

8. Is your brother at... home? — No, he is at... work. He works at... big factory. He is... engineer.

9. My sister has many... books.... books are in... big bookcase. 10.... weather is fine today. Let's go and play in... yard. There are many... children in... yard. They are playing with... ball.

Запомните следующие конструкции, требующие неопределенного артикля:

I have а... This is a... I am a...

Не has a... That is a... Не is a...

I see a... It is a... She is a...

There is a...

Упражнение 10

Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.

1. I see... bottle of... pineapple... juice on... kitchen table. 2. Her... son has... great... sense of... humor. 3. There was... discotheque at... club last Saturday but he didn't go. 4. Is there... bus stop near... building? 5. We have... big dog.... dog is very clever. 6. My friend has... very good comput-

Артикль 13

er. 7. This... boy is big. He is... student. 8. There is... very large piano in... hall. 9. This is... tree and that is not... tree. It's... bush. 10. I am... boy. I am... pupil. I study at... school. 11. My sis­ter is at... work. She is... secretary. She works at... large office. 12. This is... very difficult ques­tion. I don't know... answer to it. 13. Do you see... little girl with... big ball in her... hands? She is... pupil of our... school. 14. There was... beautiful flower in this... vase yesterday. Where is... flower now? 15. Last year we were in Geneva. It is... excit­ing city to visit, but... very expensive place to live.

Запомните следующие устойчивые словосочетания:

in the middle in the corner to the right to the left

Упражнение 11

Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.

1. There is... jar of... orange... marmelade in... middle of... shelf. 2. There is... big... box of... cereal to... right of you. 3. There is... bunch of... bananas on... table. Don't keep them in... re­frigerator. 4. There is... loaf of... white... bread on... upper... shelf of... refrigerator. If you want your... bread to be fresh, keep it only in... refrigerator. 5. Is there... bag of... flour in... cupboard? 6. There was... bottle of... lemonade in... corner of... kitchen. 7. There is... thick red... carpet in my... room.... carpet is on... floor in... front of... sofa. 8. Where is... table in your brother's... room? —

14 ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ

His... table is near... window. 9. I can see... fine... vase.on... shelf. Is it your... vase? 10. We have no... piano in our... living room. 11. My... uncle is... married. He has... beautiful wife. They have... son, but they have no... daughter. 12. I can see... nice... coffee table in... middle of... room to... right of... door. It is... black and... red. I like... coffee table. 13. Our... TV set is on... little... ta­ble in... corner of... room. 14. There is... beautiful picture in my father's... study.... picture is on... wall to... left of... window.

Упражнение 12

Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.

My aunt's flat is in... new house. There is... liv­ing room,... bedroom,... study,... bathroom and... kitchen in... flat.... bedroom is... large room with... two windows.... room is light as... windows are large. There are... white curtains on... windows. There are... two beds with... large pillows on them. There are... small tables near... beds. There are... lamps on them. To... left of... door there is... dress­ing table with... mirror on it. There is... low chair at... dressing table. There are... several pictures on... pale green walls. There is... thick carpet on... floor.... carpet is dark green.... room is very cosy.

Если после конструкции there is (there are) стоит неисчисляемое существительное или существитель­ное во множественном числе, вместо опущенного неопределенного артикля часто (не обязательно) употребляется слово some.

Артикль 15

Упражнение 13

Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.

1. There is... park behind... hospital. There are... beautiful... trees in... park. 2. There is... good... film on TV this... evening. I am going to watch it. 3. There is... library between... school and... bank. There are... English and German books in this... library. 4. There is... sofa in... corner of... room. 5. There are... cushions on... sofa. 6. There are... books on... shelf. Give me... book, please.

7. Look into... refrigerator. What can you see on...
shelves? — There is... butter in... butter dish.
There is... sausage, but there is no... cheese. There
are... eggs and... apples. There is... orange,...
lemon, and... jam in... little vase. 8. There is...
juice in this... cup. May I drink... juice? 9. There
are... girls in... yard, but I can see no... boys.
Where are... boys? — Oh, all... boys are playing
football at... stadium. 10. There is... peculiar charm
in her... voice.

Упражнение 14

Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.

1. Where is... bus station? —... bus station is next to... gas station. 2. There are two... pets in... house:... cat and... dog. 3. There is... TV antenna on... roof. 4. There is... mailbox between... build­ing and... bus stop. 5. There is... big... dog in... front of... fireplace. 6. Do you speak English at... work or at... school? 7. She had... bad... day today.

8. I have... colour TV set.... TV set is on... little
table in... corner of... room. 9. There is... book,
... pen, and... paper on my... writing desk. 10. My
... brother is... teacher. He works at... school. He

16 ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ

has... very good books. His... books are in... big bookcase. 11. There is... tea in my... glass. There is no... tea in my... friend's... glass. His... glass is empty. 12. Where is... coffee table in your... room? —... coffee table is in... front of... sofa. There is... cup on... coffee table and... newspa­pers. There is... coffee in... cup. 13. There are... photographs on... sofa. 14. There is... guitar on... chair near... piano.

Запомните следующие устойчивые словосочетания:

in the morning in the evening

in the afternoon at s night

А также:

to go to ± bed to go to • school

to go to s work

Упражнение 15

Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.

1. Every day my... brother and I get up at eight o'clock and walk to... school. I like... school. It's... fun. My... brother loves... football. He hates... homework. So he doesn't like to go to... school. Will he go to... work in... future? 2. My... friend has to get up early in... morning because he goes to... school. That's why he usually goes to... bed early in... evening. 3.... weather was very bad in... morn­ing yesterday.... sky was grey and it was raining. But in... middle of... day... weather began to change.... rain stopped and... sun appeared from behind... clouds. In... afternoon it was very warm.

Артикль _________________ 17

I did not want to stay at... home and went into... yard. There were... boys and... girls in... yard. We played in... yard till late in... evening. When I came... home, I drank... tea, ate... sandwich and went to... bed at once. I slept very well at... night.

Запомните следующие устойчивые словосочетания:

at s half past five at a quarter past five
to go s home to come s home

to leave S home for S work (for S school)

Упражнение 16

Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.

1. My brother is... pupil. He goes to... school. He goes to... school in... morning. He has five or six... lessons every day. In... afternoon he goes... home. At... home he does his... homework. In... evening he reads... books. He usually goes to... bed at... half past ten. At... night he sleeps. 2. My fa­ther goes to... work in... morning and comes... home in... evening. 3. I get up at... half past seven in... morning and go to... bed at... quarter to eleven in... evening. 4. When does your mother leave... home for... work? — She leaves... home for... work at... quarter past eight. 5. When do you leave... home for... school? — I leave... home for... school at... half past... eight. 6. What do you do when you come... home from... school? — I do my... homework, talk to my... friends on... phone and go for... walks. I often listen to... music. I like... jazz best.

18_______ ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ _________

Перед названиями месяцев и дней недели артикль не употребляется.

School begins in •{_ September. We rest on s Sunday.

Перед порядковыми числительными обычно упот­ребляется определенный артикль.

Our classroom is on the second floor. Today is the tenth of May.

Упражнение 17

Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.

1. We always go to... Russian Museum on... Sun­day. 2. On... Saturday she usually goes to... Phil­harmonic. 3. In... August he has his... birthday. He is planning to have... nice party with his... friends. 4. There are three rooms and... kitchen in our new flat. 5. My new dress is made of... silk. 6. If you want to write something on... blackboard, you must have... piece of... chalk. 7. Are there any pupils in... classroom? 8. I have... new English book.... book is very interesting. 9. There is... gar­den in... front of our school.... garden is not large, but it is very nice. 10.... May is... fifth month of the year. 11.... Saturday is... sixth day of the week. 12.... Sunday is... day off. 13. Today is... ninth of... May. Anton has got... new mobile phone. He is going to make... phone call to his... grandfather. 14. This is... nice place. In... June we are going there for... holiday.

Артикль 19

Запомните следующие устойчивые словосочетания:

after s work after s school

from s work from •/_ school

Упражнение 18

Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.

1. My friends live in... small town. It is... new town.... streets in... town are broad and straight. There are... beautiful buildings in them.... town is very green, and so... air is fresh. There are... beau­tiful parks and gardens in... town.... people like to go there after... work. In... evening you can hear... sounds of... music from... parks. There are... schools,... libraries,... supermarket,... hospital,... theatre,... cinemas,... clinics and... kindergartens in... town. 2. This is... classroom.... classroom is large and light. 3. There is... picture on... wall. 4. What is... date today? It is... seventh of... De­cember. 5.... third lesson today is... lesson of En­glish. 6. Pete, go to... blackboard. 7. After... school I usually go... home. 8. My father always comes from... work late: at eight o'clock or at... half past eight. But on... Friday he comes... home early: at half past four or at... quarter to five. On... Satur­day and on... Sunday he does not go to... work.

Запомните следующие устойчивые словосочетания:

to have (cook, make, prepare) ■{_ breakfast

•/_ lunch •/_ tea •" dinner S supper

20 _______ ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ _________

Упражнение 19

Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.

I go to... school in... morning, so I get up early. I usually get up at... quarter past seven. I go to... bathroom, turn on... water and wash my face and hands. My father and mother also get up early in... morning. My mother works at... office. She is... typist. My father is... doctor. He works at... hos­pital. We have... breakfast in... kitchen. We eat... porridge and... eggs. We drink... tea. My father and mother leave... home for... work at... half past eight. My father goes to... hospital, and my mother goes to... office. I don't leave... home with my par­ents:... school where I study is near our house. I leave... home for... school at... quarter to nine. My granny stays at... home and cooks... dinner. I have... lunch at... school after... third lesson. My father and mother have... lunch at... work. When we come... home, we have... dinner.

Упражнение 20

Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.

1. Every day my husband goes to... work, my son goes to... school and I go to... institute. 2. There is... new school at... corner of our street. 3. My daughter came... home from... school on... Mon­day and said to me, "There will be... parents' meet­ing on... tenth of February at six o'clock in... evening." 4.... teacher told us... very interesting story at... lesson. 5. When... bell rang,... pupils went into... classroom. 6. We are usually at... school from nine o'clock in... morning till two o'clock in... afternoon. 7. We don't go to... school on... Sunday.

Артикль 21

Запомните следующие устойчивые словосочетания:

after S breakfast before S breakfast

after s lunch before s lunch

after s tea before S tea

after *f dinner before s dinner

after S supper before S supper

at s breakfast for • breakfast

at •/_ lunch for s lunch

at • tea for • tea

at •/_ dinner for • dinner

at s supper for ^ supper

Упражнение 21

Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.

1. What do you do after... breakfast? — After... breakfast I go to... school. 2. My granny likes to read... book after... lunch. 3.... people usually have... breakfast in... morning. They have... dinner in... afternoon. In... evening... people have... supper. 4. There is a proverb: "After... dinner sleep awhile, after... supper walk... mile." 5. Who cooks... din­ner in your family? 6. Yesterday father told us... very interesting story at... breakfast. 7. What did you have for... lunch at... school on... Wednes­day? — We had... salad and... tea. 8. My mother never has... supper with... family because she does not like to eat in... evening. 9. When do you clean your teeth in... morning: before... breakfast or af­ter... breakfast?

22 ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ

Артикль

Упражнение 22

Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.

1. For... breakfast I have... coffee with... milk and... sugar. I have... jam, too. There are... dif­ferent things on... dinner table. There is... bread,... butter and... ham. There are... cups and... glasses there. There is... jug on... table.... milk in... jug is hot. There is... teapot on... table. There is... tea in... teapot.... tea is hot, too. There are... plates,... forks and... knives on... table. 2.... lamp is on... table. 3. There is... lamp on... table. 4. Is there... lamp on... table? 5. Is... lamp on... table? 6. Is there... clock on... wall? 7. There are two... shelves on... wall. 8. Where are... shelves? —... shelves are on... wall. 9. They have... large flat. There are... four rooms in... flat. 10. Is... newspa­per on... table? 11. Is there... newspaper on... ta­ble? 12. There is... butter on... plate. 13. Where is... butter? —... butter is on... little plate. 14. There is... white and... brown bread on... table.

Запомните следующее устойчивое словосочетание:

to watch s TV

Упражнение 23

Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.

1. Pete has... small family. He has... father and... mother. He has no... brother, but he has... sis­ter. His sister is... pupil. She is... good girl. She has... many Russian books, but she has no... En-

glish books. 2. There is... writing desk in... room.... writing desk is good. There is... lamp on... writ­ing desk. 3. My uncle has... large family. They are six in... family. 4. My father is... engineer. He works at... big factory. 5. We have... good library. Our books are in... big bookcase. 6. Is your... sis­ter married? 7. What do you do after... breakfast?

— I go to... school. 8. When do you come... home?

— I come... home at... half past two. 9. Do you like to watch... TV in... evening? 10. He watches... television all day. I never do it. I can't watch... TV very often. But tonight I can spend... evening in... front of... box, because there is... very in­teresting... film on. It is "My Fair Lady" with Rex Harrison and Audrey Hepburn. I love it.

Упражнение 24

Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.

1. My... aunt and my... uncle are... doctors. They work at... hospital. They get up at seven o'clock in... morning. They go to... bed at eleven o'clock. 2. I work in... morning and in... afternoon. I don't work in... evening. I sleep at... night. 3. When do you leave... home for... school? — I leave... home at... quarter past eight in... morn­ing. 4. What does your mother do after... break­fast? — She goes to... work. 5. Is there... sofa in your... living room? — Yes, there is... cosy little... sofa in... living room. — Where is... sofa? — It is in... corner of... room to... left of... door. I like to sit on this... sofa in... front of... TV set in... evening. 6. There is... nice coffee table near... win­dow. There are... newspapers on... coffee table. 7. There is... tea in... glass. 8. When do you watch

24 ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ

... TV? — I watch... TV in... evening. We have... large colour TV set in our... room. There is... beau­tiful vase on... TV set. There are... flowers in... vase. 9. I have... large writing desk in... study. There is... paper on... writing desk. My... books and... exercise books are on... writing desk, too.

Упражнение 25

Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.

My friend's... flat is very comfortable. There are... three rooms in... flat:... living room,... study and... bedroom.... living room is not very large.... walls in... living room are blue. There are... pic­tures on... walls. There is... table in... middle of... room with some chairs around it. To... left of... door there is... sofa. Near... sofa there are... two large armchairs. They are very comfortable. There is... piano in my friend's living room.... piano is to... right of... door.... bedroom and... study are small.... furniture in... flat is brown.

Если перед существительным стоит вопроситель­ное или относительное местоимение, артикль опускается.

• E.g. What • colour is your cat?

I want to know what • book you are reading.

Упражнение 26

Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.

1. What... colour is your new... hat? — It's... red. 2. Is there... refrigerator in your... kitchen?

Ар тикль _________________ 25

3. Where is... refrigerator in your... kitchen? — It is in... corner of... kitchen. 4. There are... flow­ers in our... living room.... flowers are in... beau­tiful vase. 5. I have... tea in my... cup. 6. He has no... coffee in his... cup. 7. What... book did you borrow from... library on... Tuesday? 8. I have... books,... exercise books and... pens in my... bag. 9. I am... engineer. I work at... office. I go to... office in... morning. As... office is far from... house I live in, I take... bus to get there. 10. What... bus do you take to get to... work? 11. Whose... pen is this? 12. What... colour is your... new... T-shirt? — It's... white. 13. She is going to... music shop to buy... cassette. — What... cassette is she going to buy? 14. That's... man whose... com­puter was stolen last night.

Упражнение 27

Вставьте артикль, где необходимо.

Here is... large window. Through... window we can see... room. Opposite... window there is... door. On... door there is... curtain. In... corner of... room there is... round table. On it we can see... books and... telephone. There is... bookshelf over... table. On... bookshelf we can see... newspapers and... book by... Jack London. There are... two... pictures in... room. One... picture is small,... other picture is very large. There are... two bookcases in... room.... bookcases are full of... books. There is... large sofa in... room. On... sofa we can see... bag. Whose... bag is that? There is no... bed in... room. On... small table near... window there are... flowers and... glass of... water. In... front of... window we can see... armchair.

26 ГРАММАТИКА. СБОРНИК УПРАЖНЕНИЙ

Артикль 27

Перед названиями наук, учебных предметов и язы­ков¹ артикль не употребляется.

•E.g. He studies •chemistry. I speak • English.

Дата добавления: 2014-12-24