Methods of dental examination of the patient

METHODS OF DENTAL EXAMINATION OF THE PATIENT

Тема 18. Методы обследования в зубоврачебной практике

Задание 1. Слушайте и запоминайте следующие слова и словосочетания:

1. examination осмотр

2. perfect совершенный, полный

3. professional профессиональный

4. check-up проверка, контроль

5. to be responsible for быть ответственным за

6. prevention предупреждение, профилактика

7. to obtain приобретать, получать

8. data данные, результаты

9. proper правильный

10. procedure процедура

11. to take a case-history составлять историю болезни

12. additional добавочный, дополнительный

13. investigation исследование

14. thoroughly тщательно, основательно

15. to establish устанавливать

16. family history семейный анамнез

17. complaint жалоба

18. to complain of жаловаться на …

19. systemic diseases общие заболевания (организма)

20. disorder расстройство, болезнь

21. to contribute to способствовать чему-либо

22. inspection осмотр

23. visual examination визуальный осмотр

24. skin кожа

25. lymphatic nodules лимфатические узлы

26. mobility подвижность

27. plaque налёт, бляшка

28. tartar зубной камень

29. to proceed приступать, перейти

30. tooth row зубной ряд

31. sign признак, симптом

32. gum pocket десневой карман

33. breath дыхание

34. bleeding кровотечение; кровоточить

35. to suspect подозревать

36. to confirm подтверждать

37. precise точный

38. ultrasound ультразвук

39. to reduce уменьшать, сокращать

40. to save сохранять, беречь

41. to foster благоприятствовать

42. overall общий

Задание 2. Прочитайте и переведите текст. Повторяйте за диктором в паузу:

Every dentist must know how to do a perfect and professional check-up. He is responsible for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of diseases of the teeth and mouth.

Obtaining all data of examination doctor makes a diagnosis. For making a proper diagnosis the following procedures are used: patient’s questioning, taking a case-history, patient’s examination and additional investigations. Questioning the patient thoroughly the dentist establishes the family history and present complaints.

Doctor must know how systemic diseases influence the disorders in the mouth. The dentist should pay attention to the patient’s health status, his systemic disorders including cardiac condition. Dental diseases may also contribute to many health problems.

The physical examination of the patient includes: inspection, palpation, percussion and X-ray examination.

Carrying on visual examination the dentist observes the patient’s skin colour. He must palpate the lymphatic nodules in the submaxillary region.

The examination of the oral cavity includes the inspection of the lips and their colour, the tongue and its mobility, the floor of the mouth, the hard palate, the mucous membrane of the cheeks. Dentist must detect the presence of plaque and tartar, especially in hard-to-see areas.

Then doctor proceeds to the examination of the maxillo-dental apparatus for establishing the following:

a) whether the tooth rows are full or some teeth are absent;

b) normal occlusion and articulation;

c) signs of any abnormalities of the teeth and jaws;

d) mobility of separate teeth;

e) presence of carious teeth and gum pockets.

If the patient complains of bad breath, bleeding of gums during brushing, the feeling that one of the teeth is longer, doctor must suspect the diseases of the gums.

In most cases dentists use X-ray examination and laboratory tests to confirm the diagnosis.

Today dentists use very precise high-tech ultrasound instruments in their practice. Modern methods of dental care and regular professional cleaning help to protect from dental diseases. The risk of pain is reduced to a minimum.

The dentists must instruct their patients that regular preventive examinations, early diagnosis and treatment will save their teeth and fosters overall health.

Дата добавления: 2014-12-25