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Unit 3

3.1. Просмотрите текст и найдите в нем факты (не предложения!), которые дают основания для предполагаемых выводов.

a) The Coast Guard acts as a service to the Navy in times of need.

b) The US Armed Forces are one of the most powerful in the world.

c) The United States Army needs reorganization.

The Military of the United States, officially known as the United States Armed Forces, is structured into five branches consisting of the:

United States Army; United States Navy; United States Marine Corps; United States Air Force; United States Coast Guard.

All branches are part of the United States Uniformed Services and are under civilian control with the President of the United States serving as Commander-in-Chief. All branches except the Coast Guard are part of the Department of Defense, which is under the authority of the Secretary of Defense, who is also a civilian. The Coast Guard falls under the authority of the Department of Homeland Security. During wartime, the Coast Guard may be placed under the Department of Defense through the Department of the Navy in times of need acting as a service to the Navy.

Approximately 1,426,713 personnel are currently on active duty in the military with an additional 1,259,000 personnel in the seven reserve components (53,000 of whom are in the Army and Air National Guard). As it is currently a volunteer military, there is no conscription. Women are not allowed to serve in some combat assignments, but they are allowed to serve in most non-combat specialties. Due to the realities of war some of these non-combat positions see combat regularly.

Much of U.S. military capability is involved in logistics and transportation, which enable rapid buildup of forces as needed. The Air Force maintains a large fleet of C-5 Galaxy, C-17 Globe master, and C-130 Hercules transportation aircraft with an equally large fleet of aerial refueling tankers. The Marine Corps maintains Marine Expeditionary Units at sea with the Navy’s Atlantic and Pacific Fleets. The Navy’s fleet of 12 active aircraft carries, combined with a military doctrine of power projection, and enables a flexible response to potential threats. For these reasons, the United States military is universally considered the most powerful in the world.

The United States Army is not as expeditionary as the Marine Corps, but Army Chief of Staff has announced a reorganization of the Army’s active-duty units into 48 brigade groups. There will be three classes of brigade group: light, medium, and heavy, with a different mix of armored and infantry units. In Army reorganization, however, battalions will still be affiliated with traditional regiments, and brigades will still be affiliated with traditional divisions. Reorganized brigades began operation in Iraq in the third quarter of 2005.

3.2. Просмотрите текст еще раз и скажите, от чего в большей мере зависят возможности ВС США и составьте список самолетов, с помощью которых ВВС осуществляют быструю переброску сил в случае необходимости.

Дата добавления: 2014-12-25