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1) Union Won the Civil War;

2) The Civil War began;

3) The War on Terror began;

4) The US Navy began;

5) The US entered World War I;

6) The Cold War began;

7) The US entered the Persian Gulf War;

8) Operation Just Cause in Panama;

9) Iraq Invasion;

10) The National Guard was established.

 

 

1. road side bomb – мина-ловушка;

booby trap

2. sophisticated – опытный;

3. suspicious – подозрительный;

4. suspect – подозреваемый;

5. to pound – обстреливать;

6. to gear up – собираться.

 

 

A B C D E
         

 

A. Bazookas, Booby Traps Threaten U.S. Soldiers;

B. A Sophisticated Enemy in Desperate Terrain;

C. U.S. Base is Attacked in Afghanistan;

D. Coalition Raids ‘Triangle of Death’;

E. U.S. Gearing Up for Fallujah Attack.

 

When the Royal Marines fly out for combat in Afghanistan they will land in a terrain shaped by mountain peaks and dominated for now by a guerrilla force.

Afghan sources say new operations will focus on the mountains of eastern Afghanistan.

Here, barren plains stretch for miles, surrounded by mountains that climb to 5,000 metres. At the foot of these mountains, dust is a big problem for the helicopters used by US forces in the campaign.

US officials tried to paint the Taliban and al-Qaida as sophisticated enemies, who used the internet to coordinate battles.

Documents underscore the fact that this is a very smart, aggressive sophisticated enemy.

 

Afghanistan – The U.S. military headquarters in Afghanistan was attacked by rocket and small arms fire early Wednesday and one attacker was thought to have been wounded in a return of fire, the U.S. military said.

A statement from Bagram air base north of Kabul said a 107 mm rocket landed near the southwest perimeter of the base at 12:30 a.m.

Fifteen minutes later, an observation post at the base reported receiving small arms fire and one attacker was thought to have been wounded when U.S. soldiers returned fire, the statement said.

At least two other observation posts reported suspicious personnel nearby and also came under small arms fire, it said.

There were no U.S. casualties or damage to equipment, the
statement said.

Close air support was called in after the rocket attack, but detected no immediate activity and AH-64 Apache helicopters reported no further activity over the next few hours.

In an incident at about midday Tuesday, U.S. special forces soldiers opened fire on three people seen carrying AK-47 rifles, a shotgun and binoculars near a U.S. firebase at Shkin near the Pakistani border.

 

Baghdad – Thousands of U.S. troops and Iraqi forces pursued
a campaign of raids on guerrilla bases.

Unlike storming of Fallujah, a rebel city to the west of the capital, there has been relatively little combat since the offensive began Tuesday, but rather
a series of raids in lawless towns where gunmen were until now in control.

In the coming days U.S. forces will be conducting a multitude of very focused raids aimed at capturing or killing insurgents in our area. It is surgical rather than sweeping in nature.” “It’s characterized by precision, patience and persistence – the keys to a successful counter-insurgency.”

Two weeks after launching the Fallujah offensive, where U.S. forces said they killed 1,200 insurgents and took 1,000 prisoners, U.S. forces said they captured 32 suspects in dawn raids in an area that has become popularly known as the “triangle of death” because of guerrilla and bandit attacks.

 

Near Fallujah/ Baghdad, Iraq – A car bomb killed eight U.S. Marines outside Fallujah the deadliest attack against the U.S. military in nearly
six months. Marines pounded guerrilla positions on the outskirts of Fallujah, where American forces are gearing up for a major assault on the insurgent stronghold.

American forces are preparing for a major assault on Fallujah in an effort to restore control of the towns north and west of the capital ahead of national elections.

 

In a country the size of California, where more than 150,000 U.S. and allied troops are operating, routine daily missions must go on, and every method of moving people and things around Iraq is dangerous.

Armored convoys can carry tons of equipment, supplies and ammunition but they are under growing attack from homemade roadside bombs.

Typically, the operator of a shoulder-fired missile aims it at a relatively low-flying plane or helicopter, then pulls a trigger, launching the projectile, which locks in on the heat emitted by the aircraft’s engine.

The missiles, many of them Russian-designed SA-7s or similar models, weigh about 30 pounds, are about 6 feet long and are easy to smuggle across Iraq’s porous borders. The most advanced and effective weapons of the type were not typically found in Iraq’s military.

Baghdad is perhaps the greatest threat we face anywhere in the world,” General of the U.S. Air Force, which coordinates the movement of military cargo and personnel, said over the summer.

 

 

1. What was the greatest threat for US Forces in Iraq?

2. What is the terrain in eastern Afghanistan like?

3. What was a big problem for the helicopters in Afghanistan?

4. What is the enemy like?

5. Whom were U.S. military bases often attacked by in Afghanistan?

6. What area was the “Triangle of Death” situated in?

7. Why was it named as the “Triangle of Death”?

8. Where is the town of Fallujah situated?

9. Why were the U.S. forces preparing to attack it?

 




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