WHO (world health Organization)

TEST

TEST

1. Our bones provide support for…

a) our head

b) spinal column

c) our bodies

2. The skull forms the shape of our…

a) ears

b) face

c) lips

3. Our bones, muscles, and joints enable us to do everyday…

a) morning exercises

b) homework

c) physical activities

4. The human skeleton has…

a) 203 bones

b) 206 bones

c) 209 bones

5. Bones are made up of…

a) compact bone and cancellous bone

b) trabeculae

c) ligaments

6. … supports bones and protects them where they rub against each other.

a) tendon

b) l igament

c) cartilage

7. The human body has more than 650 muscles, which make up…

a) the whole person's body weight.

b) half of a person's body weight.

c) 1/4 of a person's body weight.

8. Joints are classified by their…

a) range of movement.

b) shapes

c) sizes

Exercise 13. Skim through the text, find sentences with Passive Voice and translate them.

Exercise 14. Give the summary of the text.

1. The spinal cord, a pathway for messages between the brain and the body, is protected by …

a) the skull

b) the ribs

c) backbone

d) the skin

e) the muscles

2. Muscles are the masses of tough, elastic tissue that pull our bones when we….

a) move

b) breathe

c) sit

d) lie

e) relax

3. The human skeleton has ….

a) 89 bones

b) 206 bones

c) 124 bones

d) 357 bones

e) 423 bones

4. Bones are fastened to other bones by long, fibrous straps called ….

a) c artilages

b) trabeculae

c) bone marrow

d) j oints

e) ligaments

5. Joints … by their range of movement.

a) has been classified

b) are classified

c) shall be classified

d) are being classified

e) had been classified

6. The dome of the skull, for example, is made of bony plates, which must be immovable to protect ….

a) the jaws

b) the head

c) the teeth

d) the arteries

e) the brain

7. Joints are classified … their range of movement.

a) with

b) for

c) by

d) to

e) of

8. S ynovialjoints move in ….

a) many directions

b) two directions

c) a few directions

d) no directions

e) one direction

9. Our bones begin to develop ….

a) during birth

b) at the age of 7 months old

c) before birth

d) in the kindergarten

e) after birth

10. Muscles are connected to bones by tough, cord-like tissues called ….

a) j oints

b) tendons

c) ligaments

d) c artilages

e) fibers

3. W H O (W o r l d H e a l t h O r g a n i z a t i o n)

Exercise 1. Practice the pronunciation:

Sign [sain], strengthening ['streŋθ(ə)niŋ], raise [reiz], warning [wɔ:niŋ], plague [pleig], quarantine ['kwɔr(ə)nti:n], vaccine ['væksi:n], headquarter ['hed'kwɔ:tə],

Geneva [dʒi'ni:və], eradicate [i'rædikeit]

Exercise 2. Topic vocabulary:

Member-state — страна-участница

to hold a conference проводить конференцию

to eradicate - искоренять

warning - предупреждение

to strengthen - усилить

to raise – поднимать

to broadcast – передавать (по радио или телевидению)

outbreak - вспышка

headquarter - штаб-квартира

staff – персонал, штат

to sign - подписать

Health authorities - руководители медицинских учреждений

Exercise 3. Form new words adding the suffixes -er, -or:

Model: to work — worker — рабочий

to operate — operator — оператор

to conduct, to research, to investigate, to do, to perform, to organise, to dream, to play, to produce.

Exercise 4. Read and translate the following words with the suffix -al:

national, regional, tropical, special, viral, technical, international.

Exercise 5. Give Russian equivalents for the following word combinations:

epidemic diseases, international standardization, health protection, health service, outbreak of the disease, infectious diseases, epidemic warning, medical and administrative staff, international quarantine measures, health workers, water supply

Exercise 6. Find substitutes for the following word combinations:

1. the establishment of conditions favourable to 1. health

health

2. liable to be communicated by infections 2. epidemic

3. normal conditions of body and mind 3. infectious

4. attacking many patients in the same region at 4. plague the same time

5. a highly contagious and fatal fever 5. sanitation

Exercise 7. Read and translate the text:

WHO was founded in 1948. In 1946 the United Nations held an International Health Conference in New York. There the Constitution of WHO was signed by 61 countries. Now- there are 150 member-states. Membership is open to all countries.

WHO activities take many forms:

— strengthening national health services,

— preparing more and better health workers,

— controlling or eradicating epidemic diseases,

— protecting mother's and child health,

— improving sanitation and water supply,

— and making all other efforts to raise health levels.

One of the main services carried out by WHO is the service of epidemic warnings. The five main world epidemics of history — plague, cholera, smallpox, typhus and yellow fever—are still a great danger in our time of fast sea and air travel.

WHO gathers information and broadcasts it daily by radio to health authorities, ports, airports and ships at sea. WHO also informs national health services about outbreaks of viral diseases such as influenza and poliomyelitis.

Besides an epidemic information WHO also provides services which are needed by all the countries, such as an international quarantine mea­sures, world health statistics, international standardization of medicines and vaccines, development of medical research and technical publication programme.

The daily work of the World Health Organization is carried out by a medical and administrative staff of about 2,400 international officers from 70 different countries. These officers are stationed at headquarters in Geneva, in Regional Offices, or with special centers working on every continent.

Дата добавления: 2014-12-26