Scientific attitude

Read the text and give a Russian equivalent of the title.

UNIT 5

The evidence obtained from recent studies in this area

Use the parts in А, В, С to compose sentences showing what the evidence obtained, suggests.

Translate the following. Choose all the sentences showing lack of evidence.

a) There is now good evidence which suggests that the systemis put of action.

b) Until now there is no unequivocal evidence for the existence of antimatter.

c) Detailed evidence concerning these effects is still lacking.

d) We know that there is still no clearcut evidence as to the full meaning of these events.

e) To my knowledge, there is fairly convincing evidence suggesting that the northern and southern parts of the British Isles were once separated by an ocean.

f) Until now there is no strong evidence favouring such views.

A

The evidence provided by electron microscopy

The evidence thus obtained

The evidence that has come from these experiments

We have recently reported some evidence which

Further evidence is available which

The evidence Dr. Brown has just presented

B

suggests (indicates, shows) that; strongly suggests that; seems to suggest that; seems to suggest; suggesting (showing, indicating); supporting (bearing out, confirming).

С

the existence of some common mechanism underlying these changes; the recent theory; the views earlier expressed by many authors; other factors maу be responsible for such variations; a similarity between the observed phenomena; the processes are interrelated.

4.9.Complete the following sentences:

a) These workers reported no evidence that...

b) Detailed evidence in favour of the hypothesis is...

c) Nо further evidence is available in literature as to...

d) We still have no definitive evidence concerning...

e) So far we have no clear evidence of...

f) There is not much evidence to suggest that...

4.10. Characterize and give a possible interpretation of:

a) the evidence that is available in the literature on the problem you are investigating;

b) your own evidence obtained, perhaps, with a different technique.

What is the nature of the scientific attitude, the attitude of the man or woman who studies and applies physics, biology, chemistry or any other science? What are their special methods of thinking and acting? What qualities do we usually expect them to possess?

To begin with, we expect a successful scientist to be full of curiosity-he wants to find out how and why the universe works. He usually directs his attention towards problems which have no satisfactory explanation, and his curiosity makes him look for the underlying relationships even if the data to be analysed are not apparently interrelated. He is a good observer, accurate, patient and objective. Furthermore, he is not only critical of the work of others, but also of his own, since he knows man to be the least reliable of scientific instruments.

And to conclude, he is to be highly imaginative since he often looks for data which are not only complex, but also incomplete.

5.2. Distinguish between the following structures. Translate into Russian.

the data analysed - the data to be analysed

the choice made - the choice to be made

the factor taken into consideration - the factor to be taken into consideration

new complexities disentangled - new complexities to be disentangled

a distinction made - a distinction to be made

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