C) (C) questions

B) (B) key-sentences

A) (A) key-words

Modern tractors use synchronized or continuously variable transmissions.

For example, in.locations with wet or heavy soils,tractors typically use track, because of their superior traction

6. They allow power to be transferred from the engine to implements.

7. It allows for better fuel efficiency.

8. Over time, different configurations of wheels have been developed to suit the environment in which they are used.

(B)Exercise 9. Answer the following questions.

1. What roles do modern tractors play on today’s farm?

2. What did tractors use when they were first invented? Was that safe?

3. When did tractors start using internal combustion engines?

4. What do modern tractors run on?

5. Why do many older tractors that feature manual transmissions are still in use?

6. Do today’s tractors always follow the classic design?

7. What allows power to be transferred from the engine to implements that are typically pulled behind or in front of the tractor?

(A, B, C)Exercise 10. Make up a plan of the text in a form of:

(B)Exercise 11. Make up a summary of the text answering the following questions in written form.

1. What is the title of the text?

2. Is the purpose of the text to give the reader some special information about main components of a tractor?

3. How many parts does the text consist of?

4. What does the first part present?

5. What does the second part deal with?

6. What does the third part touch upon?

7. What does the fourth part include?

(B, C)Exercise 12. The text has an introduction but doesn’t have any conclusion. Can you make the conclusion based on the information from the text. You may use the following phrases to make your speech:

In conclusion, …

The author comes to the conclusion that...

We can make the conclusion according to the text that …

for (B) – 2-3 sentences

for (C) – 4-6 sentences

(B, C)Exercise 13. Express your opinion about the text. You may start with the phrases given below.

I found the text interesting (useful, informative) …

I think (believe, should say, consider) …

In my opinion …

To my mind …

It seems to me …

From my point of view …

for (B) – 2-3 sentences

for (C) – 4-6 sentences

(C)Exercise 14. Express your attitude to the text in your own words. Say what information from the text you consider the most interesting and useful. Why?

(C)Exercise 15. Make a short summary of modern components of tractors compared to older ones.

(C)Exercise 16. Suppose you are delivering a lecture on the latest innovations in main components of the tractor. You have to feature all the components.

(C)Exercise 17. Suppose you have to cover the topic of the main components of modern tractors at the agricultural conference. Prepare your speech. Be ready to report back to your partner.

3.4 Учебно-методические материалы к тексту D

(A) Exercise 1. Read the title of the text and try to guess what it is about.

(A) Exercise 2. Read the first paragraph of the text and say what questions are discussed in it.

(B) Exercise 3. Scan the text. Focus on the general ideas of each part to say how they are connected and why.

(B) Exercise 4. Think of the alternative way to entitle each part.

(B, C) Exercise 5. Extend the following statements.

for(B) – 1-2 sentences

for(C) – 3-4 sentences.

1) Agricultural implements and machines need day-to-day maintenance and repair activities.

2) Farm machinery maintenance and repair may result in environmental pollution.

(A, B, C) Exercise 6. State what you have learned from the text about:

a)

1) Maintenance activities.

2) Strategies to achieve maximum farm machinery life

3) Lubrication

4) Oil filter

5) Oil analysis

6) Machinery storage

(B,C) b) Promote theses to the text.

for (B) – 4-6 sentences

for (C) – 6-10 sentences

(B) Exercise 7. Look through the text again. Write down a concise summary. You may use the following expressions:

The text presents an outlook of…

The text gives information about…

The text highlights…

The text encapsulates…

The expresses the main idea of…

The text wraps up …

The importance of … is emphasized in the text.

The target reader of the text …

The text is addressed to…

The text is of interest to…

The text is instructive to…

(C) Write down an expanded summary. Express your attitude to the text. Derive a conclusion. Elicit the information from the text and use additional information from your general knowledge of the subject or any other source of information that is coherent to the subject of farm machinery maintenance.

3.5 Учебно-методические материалы по грамматике

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