Английские прилагательные не изменяются по родам, числам и падежам. В предложении они выступают в функции определения или именной части сказуемого.
The long pens are on the table. (определение)
The pen is long. (часть сказуемого)
Таблица 3
Положительная степень
Сравнительная степень
Превосходная степень
Одно-
сложные
long длинный
longer
длинее
longest самый длинный
big
largе
}
большой
bigger
larger
}
больше
biggest
largest
}
самый большой
Дву-сложные
easy лёгкий
easier легче
easiest самый лёгкий
Много-сложные
difficult
трудный
moredifficult
труднее
most difficult
самый трудный
Наречия образуют степени сравнения так же, как и прилагательные.
Некоторые прилагательные и наречия образуют степени сравнения от других корней.
Таблица 4
Положительная степень
Сравнительная степень
Превосходная степень
good хороший
well хорошо
better лучше
best самый лучший
лучше всего
badплохой
badly плохо
worse[wǝ:s] хуже
worst [wǝ:st] наихудший
хуже всего
many многие
much много
more более
most наиболее
littleмало
маленький
lessменьше
least [li:st] наименьший
меньше всего
Таблица 5
Утвердительная форма
Отрицательная форма
Вопросительная форма
Present
I am
You are
I am not
You are not
Am I?
Are you?
He She
It
}
is
He She
It
}
is not
Is
{
he?
she?
it?
We You They
}
are
We You They
}
are not
Are
{
we?
you?
they?
Past
I was
You were
I was not
You were not
Was I?
Were you?
He She
It
}
was
He She
It
}
was not
Was
{
he?
she?
it?
We You They
}
were
We You They
}
were not
Were
{
we?
you?
they?
Future
I shall be
I shall not be
Shall I be?
You He She
It
}
will be
You
He She
It
}
will not be
Will
{
you
he
she
it
}
be?
We shall be
We shall not be
Shall I be?
You They
}
will be
You They
}
will not be
Will
{
you
they
}
be?
Таблица 6
Употребление глагола
to be
Значение
Примеры
1. to be + существительное с предлогом
2. to be + существительное без предлога
3.to be + ing-form
4. to be+ IIIформа глагола
5. to be + инфинитив глагола
смысловой глагол находиться
глагол-связка
являться
вспомогательный глагол для образования времен группы Continouos
вспомогательный глагол для образования страдательного залога
модальное значение: действие по заранее намеченному плану или значение долженствования
The student N. is in the institute library.
My friend is an economist.
Real exports are growing.
The shop is usually closed at 8.
The students are to visit this museum.
Таблица 7
Утвердительная форма
Отрицательная
форма
Вопросительная
форма
Present
I have a book.
He has a book.
She has a book.
It has coloured pictures.
We have a book.
You have a book.
They have a book.
I have no book.
He has no book.
She has no book.
It has no coloured pictures.
We have no book.
You have no book.
They have no book.
Have I a book?
Hashe a book?
Hasshe a book?
Hasit coloured pictures?
Havewe a book?
Haveyou a book?
Havethey a book?
Past
I had a book.
He had a book.
She had a book.
It had coloured pictures.
We had a book.
You had a book.
They had a book.
I had no book.
He had no book.
She had no book.
It had no coloured pictures.
We had no book.
You had no book.
They had no book.
Had I a book?
Hadhe a book?
Hadshe a book?
Hadit coloured pictures?
Hadwe a book?
Hadyou a book?
Hadthey a book?
Future
I shall have a book.
He will have a book.
She will have a book.
It will have coloured pictures.
We shall have a book.
You will have a book.
They will have a book.
I shall have no book.
He will have no book.
She will have no book.
It will have no coloured pictures.
We shall have no book.
You will have no book.
They will have no book.
ShallI have a book?
Will he have a book?
Willshe have a book?
Willit have coloured pictures?
Shallwe have a book?
Will you have a book?
Will theyhave a book?
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