II. Answer the following questions

I. Fill in the gaps in the following sentences

Scanning

Commentary

1. FARC (Colombia) – the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia, the country’s largest guerrilla group. Being one of the insurgent groups the Colombian Revolutionary Armed Forces committed terrorist acts in an effort to destabilize and overthrow the country’s government.

2. PFLP – GC (Palestine) – the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine – General Command, organization providing an institutional framework associated with the Palestine Liberation Organization. This organization is notable for its terrorist activities. It was established in 1967 in an amalgamation of three different Palestinian terrorist groups by Georges Habash. The PFLP suffered from conflicts between its several factions, though all were engaged in terrorist activities. The PFLP rejected political compromise with Israel and was pledged to the elimination of that state. The PFLP carried out or organized many notorious terrorist actions against Israel, most notably the hijacking and destruction of many Israeli commercial airlines in the late 1960-s and ‘70s.

1. The most pivotal security challenges the world community has ever been concerned about are ___.

2. The four security challenges are thought to converge into ___ in order to ____.

3. Terrorist groups and criminal ones are different in ___ and ___.

4. The interaction of terrorist groups with transnational organized crime syndicates contributes to ___ and ___.

5. Cooperating with terrorist groups transnational organized crime syndicates pursue such purposes as ___ and ___.

6. Terrorist groups conduct ___ operations in order overthrow ___, whereas transnational crime syndicates gain ___ through a ___.

7. The two implications for counter-terrorism strategy are ___ and ___.

8. If crime syndicates and terrorist groups evolve organizationally, it would lead to ___, because ___.

9. The tendency of increasing lethality of terrorist attacks causes ___, which, in its turn, contributes to ___.

10. Mainly the FBI and other law enforcement are focused on ___ or ___.

1. What significant changes has the world community gone through for the recent 10 years?

2. Have the four security issues caused any influence on the global changes?

3. What phenomena are believed to converge into a global Hydra?

4. Terrorist organizations aim to challenge countries at the economic and social levels, don’t they?

5. Is there any difference between a terrorist group and a transnational crime syndicate?

6. What kind of transnational organized crime syndicates do terrorist groups interact with?

7. What aims do these groups gain from this interaction?

8. What makes crime syndicates beneficial to terrorist groups?

9. The cooperation of crime syndicates and terrorist groups is based on mutually advantageous terms, isn’t it? What are these terms?

10. How can you prove that terrorist groups differ from criminal ones?

11. How do terrorist groups achieve an overthrow of the status quo?

12. What do criminal groups derive their power through?

13. In what ways do criminal and terrorist groups cooperate?

14. Why is it necessary to re-think counter-terrorism strategy?

15. What is the focus of counter-terrorism strategy, implemented by the FBI and other law-enforcement structures?

16. Why is it necessary to create a national counter-terrorism strategy?

17. What guerilla group is mentioned in the text? How can you characterize it?

18. What does PFLP-GC stand for? What is it notorious for?

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