Name the criteria (features) scientific. Determine each criterion

Give a definition of science. Open the three values of science.

Школьники

	Название команды	1 тур	2 тур	3 тур	Сумма за три тура
	Ботинки Барина			6,5	21,5
	Сучки-полячки		9,5		21,5
	Эй, Арнольд	8,5	4,5	6,5	19,5
	ИНДИГО		7,5		16,5
	Девочки волшебницы		6,5	0,5
	Мебельная дихотомия	1,5			14,5
	Магия мысли		4,5		13,5
	Альбион	-	4,5	5,5
	Отжать пакетик		0,5	4,5
	А5	4,5			8,5
	Однако здравствуйте!	7,5	0,5
	Точно в точку			1,5	5,5
	Окей, гугл	0,5	4,5
	Все идет по плану	0,5		0,5
	Команда прогресса	0,5	-	4,5
	Как запомнить, чтобы вспомнить
	Гуманитарий всех мастей	3,5	-	-	3,5

Science - is a special form of cognitive activity aimed at the development of new system-organized objective and reasoned knowledge of the world. Science as a social phenomenon can be considered in terms of the following aspects:

- Science as a specific activity;

- Science as a system of knowledge;

- Science as a social institution;

- Science as a productive force;

- Science as a form of social consciousness.

The term "science" has several meanings, on the one hand, science - it is a dynamic system is reliable, the most important knowledge of the objective laws of nature, society and thought.

Science - not only the system of scientific knowledge, which explain the world around us, but also a means of its measurement and conversion. It affects the cognition of nature by man not through emotional perception, but through systematic logical interaction of intellect, nature and society.

On the other hand, science is a specially organized activities of people. As a branch of human activity, science is a complex social institution, which was formed in the process of division of labor, the gradual separation of mental from physical labor and the transformation of cognitive activity in a specific kind of classes of individuals, groups and institutions.

1. verification principle: only the scientific information which can confirm (one way or another, directly or indirectly, sooner or later).

2. The principle of falsification: only the scientific information which can be (one way or another, directly or indirectly, sooner or later) to change, that is, to deny or supplement.

3. The principle of the system: only the scientific information that is properly structured. Structuring makes it easy to define its role and place in the general system of knowledge, ie, provides the ability to find relevant information.

4. The principle of variability of parts, only the information is scientific, the components of which it is possible (in one way or another, directly or indirectly, sooner or later) to change, that is, to deny or supplement.

5. readability principle: only the scientific information that can be read without too much difficulty, listen, watch.

6. The principle of availability - only the information is scientific, to which free access of all, without exception, members of the scientific community.

1) Objectivity, or the principle of objectivity. Scientific knowledge is associated with the opening of natural objects taken "per se", as a "thing in itself" (not in the Kantian sense, but it does not even have known it, but knowable). Thus there is a distraction and from the individual interests, and from all the supernatural.

2) Rationality, rationalizations, conclusiveness. As noted by some researchers, ordinary knowledge is, among other things, a reference character, is based on "opinion", "authority"; in scientific knowledge is not just something informed and given the necessary foundation on which this content is true; It operates the principle of sufficient reason.

3) The essentialist orientation, ie, aiming to reproduce nature, the laws of the object (reflection repetitive, but non-essential properties of an object is also subordinate to this purpose).

4) The special arrangement, the special system knowledge; not just ordering as in ordinary knowledge and orderliness on the conscious principles; ordering in the form of theory and theoretical concepts deployed.

5) Verifiability; here and appeal to scientific observation, to practice and test logic, logical way; scientific truth characterizes the knowledge that, in principle, verifiable and eventually are confirmed.

Дата добавления: 2017-01-13