II. Переведите на английский язык.

How it works

Social Security Act of 1935

The Social Security Act of 1935 was the first attempt by the federal government to provide a social insurance plan on a nationwide basis. The major purpose of the act was lo provide unemployment insurance for persons out of work, and to provide financial benefits for retirement, the needy aged, dependent, children, the blind, and for the heirs in case of death. The unemployment insurance phase is handled primarily by the states with federal financial assistance. The second part of the act is directly under the control of the Social Security Administration, which is in the Department of Health, Education and Welfare.

The young worker will find it to his advantage to fully understand the provisions of the Federal Social Security Act. Parts of the Act are important to the welfare of young families, especially the survivors and disability provisions.

More than 9 out of 10 working people are building protection for themselves and their families under the social security program. To pay for this protection, workers make contributions based on their earnings covered by social security and their employers pay an equal contribution. A self-employed person pays contributions at a slightly lower rate than the combined employee-employer rate for retirement, survivors, and disability insurance. However, the hospital insurance contribution rate is the same for the employer, the employee, and the self-employed person. The earnings covered by social security are reported, and a record of the covered earnings of each worker is kept by the Social Security Administration. The amount of the monthly retirement, survivors, or disability insurance payment is figured from the average monthly earnings in covered employment.

Social security contributions are placed in three special trust funds in the U.S. Treasury—one for retirement and survivors insurance, one for disability insurance, and the third for hospital insurance.

A fourth trust fund holds the assets of the medical insurance program. Into this trust fund go the premiums for medical insurance paid by the people enrolled and the matching amounts from the Federal Government. Benefit payments and administrative expenses are paid from these funds. By law they can be used for no other purpose.

VOCABULARY

1. to depend on - зависеть

2. disabled -инвалид

3. to save money – экономить, копить деньги

4. savings - сбережения

5. to be able – быть в состоянии

6. to make money – зарабатывать деньги

7. security – безопасность, защита

8. to retire – уходить в отставку, на пенсию

9. retirement – пенсия, отставка

10. to pass an act – принять закон

11. insurance - страхование

12. employee - служащий

13. employer - работодатель

14. earnings – заработок, трудовой доход

15. monthly - ежемесячно

16. health insurance – медицинское страхование

17. hospital care – медицинское обслуживание

18. benefit – пособие, пенсия

19. needy – нуждающийся, бедствующий

20. dependent - иждивенец

21. blind - слепой

22. in ease of death – в случае смерти

23. survivors payment – социальные выплаты

24. disability payment – пособие по инвалидности

25. premium – страховой взнос

I. Подберите русские эквиваленты к словам:

§ to become disabled through the accident or disease

§ sell-employed person

§ to be self-supporting an early age

§ to live comfortably during old age

§ his family or friends took care of him

§ a great loss of money and property

§ to reach retirement age

§ private social insurance programs

§ persons out of work

§ to make contributions

§ to provide unemployment insurance

§ average monthly earnings

§ потеряли свои сбережения

§ были защищены

§ совместно с

§ большая часть рабочих

§ программа медицинского страхования

§ по закону

§ на другие цели

§ предоставлять

§ большинство людей

§ единственный способ

III. Составьте словосочетания:

1. to save 2. to become 3. to make 4. to reach 5. to pass 6. to receive 7. to provide 8. to pay 9. to establish 10. to lose

a) an act b) monthly checks c) their savings d) retirement benefits e) money f) disabled g) social insurance program h)retirement age i)contributions j)hospital care

IV. Заполните пропуски, используя данные слова:

(differ (2), government, standards of living, to provide, private, social insurance (2),money)

1.Many modern governments have made... one of the services they provide to their citizens.

2. The kinds and amounts of social insurance... from country to country. In the United States, they... from state to state.

3. Most Americans use... insurance plans to add to the limited social insurance provided by government. These plans often become available through group arrangements, from organizations and from employers.

4. The United States government provides most of its... programs through laws administered by the Department of Health, Education and Welfare (HEW).

5. State governments have set up departments... insurance and services under state laws.

6. Social insurance raises...; yet, it can be a necessary expense that lowers standards of living for some people.

7. The growing cost of social insurance programs has made them a responsibility of the federal.... It alone has the great taxing power to raise needed... for increases in such programs.

IV.Выберите правильную форму причастия (Participle):

Governments realize that people often face the problems they cannot control themselves. People lose jobs when business is bad all over the country. The best (training, trained) and most capable workers may find themselves out of work. Food prices rise for reasons beyond the control of any consumer. Housing shortages develop. A shortage of doctors and (rising, risen) hospital costs make illness more expensive than most people can afford. Accidents, illness, (changing, changed) industry and old age put people out of work. Heads of families die suddenly (left, leaving) people needing care. These and other emergencies happen, (left, leaving) people in need of help.

V. Ответьте на вопросы:

1. When did saving money start?

2. Where were the savings invested?

3. When did Congress pass the Social Security Act?

4. What were the purposes of the Act?

5. Where are social security contributions placed?

6. Who provides retirement benefits for workers?

Дата добавления: 2017-02-01