Continuum

DISCRETENESS

Lecture 4

D (from Gr. “isolated, divided”) is a TC that concerns different ways of division of the text.

O.Selivanova signifies the dual character of D:

1) segmentation of the text creation and text comprehension processes, making the latter easier. It has horizontal (linear) and vertical (all the way through) plane.

Segmentation of text creation works differently from text comprehension. Author subordinates text D to his/her own intention, creates linear and vertical segmentation/ division (of characters, of topics, of situation, etc) and uses frames,scripts and settings of his/her own memory (Dijk1989).

Reader’s division is of the forecasting, hypothetical character. Proving or denying these hypothesis integrates the reader’s own programme through scanning the obtained information. (Be able to give your own example).

2) Segmentation of the text form as the organization as organization of communicative situation. At the formal/verbal level the means are utterances/ paragraphs/ chapters…At the meaningful level – propositions/ supraphrasal unities/ microtext/ period….

There are 4 ways of text division:

Graphical – into words, sentences, paragraph/indentions, parts, chapters, etc

Compositional – into content blocks, supraphrasal unities, microtexts, periods, topics, textemes (Kokh)….

Communicative – actual sentence division…

Cognitive – into propositions, predicative structures, frames, macrostructures, mental models, scripts, mental spaces….

The four structural components of the plot are: exposition, complication, climax, denouement. (give definition, explain)

Freytag’s triangle

We distinguish continuum of discourse as special temporal interaction between text generation and text comprehension processes. The continuum of discourse is projected on the linear continuity of the information flow. That may be divided in time and space according to the author’s intention. So, the category of discourse is correlated with a category of discreetness. Space couldn’t be separate from time, but for the sake of linguistic analyses that separately.

– time in objective reality and time in fiction is different

– time and space of the author is differ from time and space of reader

In fiction its impossible to find reference point as a moment of speech. But in objective reality we should find zero vector – точка відліку.

Galperin:

In reference to fiction identify continuum as textual grammar category, defining it as uninterrupted or undivided flow of movement in space, in time, given succession of facts and events that are develops in time and space of the text.

Category of continuum = topical coherence

Дата добавления: 2014-01-11