Modal verbs used in the Suppositional meaning

MODAL VERBS USED IN THE IMPERATIVE MEANING

ASPECTS OF THE IMPERATIVE MEANING	AFFIRMATIVE SENTENCES	NEGATIVE SENTENCES	INTERROGATIVE SENTENCES
PERMISSION	You can do it. You may do it.	You needn’t do it. (You don’t have to do it.)	Can I do it? May I do it? Must I do it? Need I do it? (The speaker asks for permission)
ADVICE	You should do it. You ought to do it.	You should not do it. You ought not to do it.	---
REQUEST	You might do it.	---	Can you do it? Could you do it? Will you do it? Would you do it? Won’t you do it? Couldn’t you do it? Wouldn’t you do it? (No answer is required, action only)
ORDER	You must do it. You will do it. You are to do it.	---	Shall I do it?
PROHIBITION	---	You must not do it. You can’t do it. You are not to do it. You may not do it.	---

Exercise 273. Read the sentences. What do the speakers want to do or ask?

1. Come now, you will obey! 2. She, by all means, is to be home. 3. I think you shouldn’t buy this film, we can rent it. 4. Peter, you can’t just leave your stuff lying all over the floor. 5. Can I be of any service, Madame? 6. You may not carry any sharp metal objects with you. 7. Need I pack your luggage? – No, you needn’t, I’ll pack it myself. 8. Shall I bring the letters, sir? 8. You ought to use hands-on activities to make your classes more vivid. 9. May I please stay for one more night? – Yes, you may, but you must book a hotel room for you tomorrow. 10. You don’t have to send the application yourself, I’ll do it for you. 11. Won’t you sit down? 12. You must follow the group.

Exercise 274. Make up a dialogue in English with Modal Verbs used in the Imperative Meaning. Include as many modals as possible. Present it in class with your fellow-student.

Modal Verb	Russian Equivalent	PRESENT	PAST	FUTURE
must should ought will would	должно быть; по-видимому; вероятно; наверно; конечно	She must be here.	She must have been there.	---
Prices should (ought to) go up.	---	She should (ought to) make a good teacher.
He will (would) be her elder brother.	She will (would) have already picked them up.	---
may might	возможно; может быть;   мало-вероятно, но возможно	She may be free.	He may have left.	We may meet her there tomorrow.
She might be free.	He might have left.	We might meet her there tomorrow.
Can it… Could it…	неужели	Can it be true?	Can he have done it?	Can she make a good teacher?
Could it be true?	Could he have done it?	Could she make a good teacher?
Can’t Couldn’t	не может быть, чтобы	You can’t be sleepy at 9 p.m. You couldn’t be sleepy at 9 p.m.	He can’t have done it. He couldn’t have done it.	She can’t make a good teacher. She couldn’t make a good teacher.

Exercise 275. Develop the situation. React according to the Model, feel free to add your own details.

Model. She’s 20 minutes late. – She can’t be! She’s always on time. She may have taken the wrong bus. Well, she must be here soon.

1) Jack will never study at college.

2) I don’t feel like going to the party.

3) Sam is going to quit his job soon.

4) They require to introduce a new version of the program.

5) He never came to his exam!

6) I am thinking of selling my car.

7) It was Marie who did it!

8) They said that he is currently away now.

9) Hillary will marry Tom.

10) I saw her shop-lifting!

Exercise 276. Make up a short story in English with Modal Verbs used in the Suppositional Meaning (about your forthcoming summer trip). Include as many modals as possible. Share it in class.

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