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Glossary
1. accused (n.) - a person or group of people who are charge with or on trial for a crime. e.g. The accused was ordered to stand trial on a number of charge. 2. bailiff (n.) - an official in a court of law who keeps order, looks after prisoners, etc. e.g. The bailiff escorts the jury in and out of court. 3. case (n.) - a legal action, esp. one to be decided in court of law. e.g. To summarize a case; to try a case. 4. charge with (v.) - formally accuse someone of (an offence). e.g. He was charged with robbery. 5. consequence (n.) - follows logically from some causal action or condition. e.g. Legal cosiquences. 6. courtroom (n.) - the place or room in which a court of law meets. e.g. Acourtroom is the actual enclosed space in which a judge regularly holds court. 7. crime (n.) - an illegal action or activity for which a person can be punished by law. e.g. To commit a crime. 8. defence (n.) - the case presented by or on behalf of the party accused of a crime or being sued in a civil lawsuit. e.g. He has insisted on conducting his own defence. 9. deliberations (n.) - long and careful consideration or discussion. e.g. After five minutes of deliberation, he was found guilty of murdering the president. 10. discharge (v.) - a) release from the custody or restraint of the law. e.g. She was conditionally discharged for two years at Oxford Crown Court. b) relieve (a juror or jury) from serving in a case. e.g. To discharge a jury from the case. 11. discretion (n.) - being able to decide correctly what should be done. e.g. The judge refused the application on the ground that he had a judicial discretion to examine evidence. 12. examination-in-chief (n.) - the questioning of a witness by the party which has called that witness to give evidence, in support of the case being made. e.g. Leading questions are forbidden in examination-in-chief. 13. forbid (v.) - to tell someone not to do something. e.g. The contract forbids sale of the goods to the USA. 14. foreman (n.) - (in a law court) a person who presides over a jury and speaks on its behalf. e.g. The foreman is often chosen before the trial begins or upon the beginning of deliberations. 15. indictment (n.) - a formal charge or accusation of a serious crime. e.g. An indictment for conspiracy. 16. jury (n.) - a body of people (typically twelve in number) sworn to give a verdict in a legal case on the basis of evidence submitted to them in court. e.g. The jury returned unanimous guilty verdicts. 17. oath (n.) - a formal promise to tell the truth. e.g. To swear an oath. 18. objection (n.) - the action of challenging or disagreeing with something. e.g. To overrule the objection; to sustain the objection. 19. offence (n.) - a breach of a law or rule; an illegal act. e.g. Thirteen people have been charged with treason – an offence which can carry the death penalty. 20.overrule (v.) - to decide officially that the decision is incorrect or not valid. e.g. Objection overruled! 21. penalty (n.) - a punishment imposed for breaking a law, rule, or contract. e.g. The charge carries a maximum penalty of ten years' imprisonment. 22. perjury (n.) - the offence or wilfully telling an untruth or making a misrepresentation under oath. e.g. This witness has committed perjury. 23. prosecute (v.) - a) to institute legal proceedings against (a person or organization). b) to conduct the case against the party being accused or sued in a lawsuit. e.g. The attorney who will prosecute the case says he cannot reveal how much money is involved. 24. re-examine (v.) - to examine (one's own witness) again, after cross-examination by the opposing counsel. e.g. Lawyer for petitioners, Philip Addison, will today re - examine their star witness. 25. release (v.) - to allow or enable to escape from confinement; to set free. e.g. To release o parole. 26. sentence (n.) - the punishment that a person receives after they have been found guilty of a crime. e.g. To serve sentence; to impose a sentence; to pronounce a sentence; to suspend sentence. 27. summary offence (n.+adj.) - minor crime which can be tried only in a magistrates' court. e.g. Summary offence is tried without a jury. 28. supervise (v.) - to watch somebody carefully. e.g. Do probation officers supervise other offenders? 29. supervision order (n.) - court order for a young offender to be placed under the supervision of the probation officer. e.g.The former MP has been given a two-year supervision order. 30. sustain (v.) – to confirm or to support. e.g. The allegations of discrimination were sustained. 31. testify (v.) - give evidence as a witness in a law court. e.g. He testified against his own commander. 32. testimony (n.) -a formal written or spoken statement, especially one given in a court of law. e.g. His testimony was an important element of the prosecution case. 33. verdict (n.) - a decision on a disputed issue in a civil or criminal case. e.g. Deliberations on a verdict; to reach a verdict. 34. witness (n.) - a person giving sworn testimony to a court of law or the police. e.g. Witness box. 35. Your Honour (n.) — a form of address used to certain judges. e.g. In some courts the judges are referred to as " Your Honour ".
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