Working on the text. Revenue collection and protection of economic interests of the country have always been the principle functions of the Customs

Text

CUSTOMS PAYMENTS

UNIT 10

Revenue collection and protection of economic interests of the country have always been the principle functions of the Customs.

The legal act the Customs applies is the Statute of the Russian Federation “On Customs Tariff”.

Tariff is a tax, levied on goods that are imported or exported across theborder of a country or a group of countries that have formed a customs union. Tariffs are classified as either protective or revenue. Protective tariffs are designed to protect domestic production from foreign competition by raising the price of imported goods. Revenue tariffs are designed to obtain revenue and provide a major source of income for the federal government. These two types are closely related. Protective tariffsraise revenue and revenue tariffs give some protection to domestic producers.

The amount of tax collected is called the customs duty. If they are imposed according to the physical quantity of the goods (per ton, per meter, per item, etc.), they are called specific duties. When duty is charged by weight, it is calculated of the net weight of the article excluding the weight of any container.

If they are levied according to the value of the goods, they are known as ad valorem duties. When an article contains more than one ingredient, the duty is calculated on the proportionate value of the dutiable ingredients. For ad valorem duty the value of an article is assessed according to the price of the article on the open market. This value includes freight, insurance, commission, packing, containers and other costs.

In the Russian Federation all Customs duties are payable both in Russian and foreign currencies. Payments are accepted in cash and by check.

VAT (Value Added Tax) is indirect tax on the final consumption of goods and services in the home market. In Russia there are excise duties on oil products, tobacco, alcohol and automobiles.

Ex. 1 Read and translate the text.

Ex. 2 Write out all international words from the text.

Ex. 3 Many English words can be used both as a verb and a noun without any change in the form. Mark how these words are used in the text: V- verb; N - noun

interest

function

amount

act

tax

cost

group

form

price

design

service

border

raise

value

freight

purpose

place

time

Ex. 4 Match to make word combinations:

revenue weight

home duties

proportionate consumption

business collection

net market

protective acts

excise transactions

legal tariffs

finalvalue

Ex. 5 Find the words in the text that follow the verbs below:

a) to form

b) to protect

c) to provide

d) to raise

e) to apply

f) to obtain

g) to contain

h) to levy

i) to design

j) to assess

k) to include

l) to accept

Ex. 6 Find the words or phrases in the text that mean the following:

1) to put into operation

2) to keep safe

3) to move from a lower to a higher level

4) to decide or fix the amount of a tax or a fine

5) to bring in from a foreign country

6) law passed by the government or other law-making body

7) the total annual income of the country

8) one of the parts of a mixture

9) written order to a bank to pay money

10) using up (of food, energy, materials)

11) piece of business

Ex. 7 Find the word that doesn’t fit the group.

1) tariff, cash, duty, tax

2) to certify, to levy, to impose, to charge

3) ton, meter, act, item

4) legal, principle, main, major

5) goods, commodities, products, ingredients

Ex. 8 Put the words in the correct order to make sentences.

1. classified, either, tariffs, revenue, are, or, often, protective, as.

2. protection, tariffs, producers, some, revenue, to domestic, give.

3. collected, duty, the, tax, called, amount, a, is, of, the.

4. Russian, all, payable, in, currency, duties, the Customs, in, Federation, are, Russian

5. excise, on, products, and, in, there, duties, jewelry, Russia, oil, alcohol, are, tobacco, automobiles.

Ex. 9 Say if it is true or false. Correct the false statements.

1. Protective tariffs are designed to provide a major source of income for the federal budget.

2. Revenue tariffs are aimed at protecting domestic production from foreign competition.

3. Ad valorem duties are levied according to the value of goods.

4. Specific duties are imposed according to the value of goods.

5. When duty is charged by weight it is calculated including the weight of the container.

6. When an article contains more than one dutiable ingredient, the duty is calculated on the proportionate value of the dutiable ingredients.

7. Freight, insurance, commission, packing and containers are not included in the value fixed for assessing ad valorem duty.

8. All customs payments in the Russian Federation are accepted in cash only.

9. Excise is the duty charged on goods such as oil products, tobacco, alcohol, jewelry and automobiles.

10. Value Added Tax is a tax on the final consumption of goods and services in the home market.

Ex. 10 Answer the questions:

1. What functions of the Customs have always been the principle ones?

2. What is the legal act the Customs authorities apply?

3. What is tariff?

4. What are protective tariffs designed for?

5. What are revenue tariffs meant to do?

6. What duties are called specific?

7. How are ad valorem duties assessed?

8. What other costs are included in the value when ad valorem duties are assessed?

9. Is the weight of containers included when the duty is charged by weight?

10. How are duties calculated when articles contain dutiable ingredients?

11. How can payments be made?

12. What is excise?

13. What excise duties are there in Russia?

14. What is VAT?

Ex. 11 Translate the sentences from Russian into English:

1. Первостепенными функциями таможни всегда являлись сбор доходов и

защита экономических интересов государства.

2. Увеличивая цену импортируемого товара, таможенный тариф защищает отечественного производителя от внешней конкуренции.

3. Целью фискального тарифа является пополнение государственного бюджета.

4. Специфические пошлины на товар исчисляются на единицу веса или любой другой меры.

5. «Адвалорная» пошлина исчисляется со стоимости товара.

6. Если пошлина исчисляется с веса, она исчисляется без учета веса упаковки.

7. Все сопутствующие расходы, такие как стоимость транспортировки, страховка, комиссионные, стоимость упаковки и т.д., включаются в общую стоимость товара.

8. Таможенные платежи принимаются как в рублях, так и в иностранной валюте.

9. Акциз и НДС – косвенные налоги, включаемые в стоимость товара.

10. НДС – налог на конечную реализацию товаров и услуг.

Ex. 12 Render the newspaper article:

Дата добавления: 2014-12-10