Exercise 30. Read and translate the Supplementary text 1 (ST 1)

Down

Exercise 28. Now say which of the following containers you would recommend for the different types of cargo from exercise 27.

Exercise 27. Sort the goods under the correct heading.

perishable cargo	non-perishable cargo	heavyweight and overwidth cargo

meat, steel pipes, crude oil, fresh produce, industrial boilers, seafood, alcohol, dairy products, tractors, chilled or frozen foodstuffs, harmful chemicals

Can you think of other types of goods? Discuss in a small group.

a reefer

b flat-rack container

c tank container

Exercise 29. Complete this crossword puzzle on transport modes with words from the unit

Across

1. Another word for rubbish.

4. A device for lifting heavy loads.

6. Another word for ship.

7. The opposite of soft or flexible.

2. Another word for pipe.

3. A container for liquids is a … container.

4. Kept cool, but not frozen.

5. A container fitted with a cooling system.

FREIGHT TRANSPORT LOGISTICS IN EUROPE – THE KEY TO SUSTAINABLE MOBILITY

Europe’s transport policy has been characterized by liberalisation and harmonization over the years. This has slowly shaped the transport system into what it is today. Globalization and the concept of a wider Europe create further challenges. The fast growth of freight transport – driven to a large extent by economic decisions – contributes to growth and employment but also causes congestion, accidents, noise, pollution, increased reliance on imported fossil fuels, and energy loss. Infrastructure resources are limited and any disruption in the supply chain (i.e. energy) has a negative impact on the EU economy. Without adequate measures, the situation will continue to worsen and increasingly undermine Europe’s competitiveness and the environment that we live in.

To overcome such problems, Europe’s transport system needs to be optimized by means of advanced logistics solutions. Logistics can increase the efficiency of individual modes of transport and their combinations. For example, a smaller number of units of transport, such as vehicles, wagons, and vessels should carry more freight. Impact on the environment will decrease accordingly. Rail and inland waterways need to be modernized. Air freight should be more closely integrated in the system. The positive development of short sea shipping should be accelerated. Deep-sea shipping and its hinterland connections need to be enhanced. Shifts to more environmentally friendly modes must be achieved where appropriate, especially on long distance, in urban areas, and on congested corridors.

At the same time each transport mode must be optimized. All modes must become more environmentally friendly, safer, and more energy efficient. Finally, co-modality, i.e. the efficient use of different modes on their own and in combinations, will result in an optimal and sustainable utilization of resources.

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