Main purpose of education is that graduates must be able to work

Of an engine that started the first industrial revolution. 6. The

Reaching dangerous levels is realized by everyone. 5. It is the invention

Ones. 4. That air and water pollution by industrialization is

Technologies that are being developed must be connected with traditional

Of an engineer requires a special college training 3. The new

Problem of pollution. 2. One can easily understand why the profession

The problem that has become the most important one is the

That is making ecological problems very serious.

Made it possible to minimize the number of workers. 11. It is industrialization

More specialized now. 10. The use of the new equipment

Complex problems of industry. 9. It is evident that research is becoming

It is the development of robots that will solve some very

Make it possible to achieve some progress in environment protection.

Has become evident that ecological problems can be solved only on

Know it well. 5. It is the most interesting article on this subject. 6. It

Studied at all technological institutes because every engineer must

Strength of materials. It is a very difficult subject. 4. Mathematics is

It is dark here. Please, turn on the light. 2. It was Gagarin

who was the first man to orbit the Earth. 3. Our students study

the global level. 7. Joint efforts of people throughout the world

Упражнение 21. Определите функции one и thaty переведите предложения.

with the technology of tomorrow. 7. The education in Oxford and

Cambridge is different in many ways from that in other universities.

8. We discussed the first industrial revolution, the one that took

place some centuries ago. 9. New robots will have several manipulators

that will carry out many functions. 10. That computers and

robots are important for industrial uses is well known to scientists

and engineers. 11. One must realize that the increasing number of

cars brings about considerable pollution of the air. 12. It is the

growth of industrialization that is changing the climate of the

planet. 13. The essential feature of higher education in this country

is that it combines theory with practice. 14. The simplest materials

are those which have only one kind of atoms. 15. That the Earth is

round was unknown for a long time. 16. It is found that the labour

(труд) of a man with secondary education is 108 per cent more efficient

than that of a man without that education. Moreover, the

work of a university or college graduate is 300 per cent more efficient

than that of a specialist with secondary education.

Упражнение 22. Переведите предложения с союзами сравнения.

1. The bigger the cities are, the greater the pollution is. 2. The

more computers and robots are used in industry, the quicker technological

progress will be. 3. The more automobiles appear in the

streets, the worse the air in the cities is. 4. The more effective is the

technology, the quicker is the development of this country. 5. The

quicker we joint our efforts in protecting the environment, the

quicker the ecological problems are solved.

УПРАЖНЕНИЯ ДЛЯ САМОСТОЯТЕЛЬНОЙ РАБОТЫ

Упражнение 23. Определите по суффиксу, к какой части речи относятся

слова.

radioactivity, measurement, interaction, society, nervous,

elimination, basic, proportion, seriously, symbolic, anxious, ecological.

Упражнение 24. Назовите глаголы, образованные от следующих существительных,

и переведите их.

advancement (продвижение вперед, прогресс), investment

(капиталовложение), measurement (измерение), achievement

(достижение), improvement (улучшение), fulfillment (выполнение).

Упражнение 25. Переведите слова с префиксом re-.

rename, reopen, renew, renewable, non-renewable, renewal.

Упражнение 26. Найдите среди следующих слов:

а) антонимы

slowly, old, at present, small, quickly, in the past, new, large;

б) синонимы

tremendous, epoch, realize, several, work, progress, great,

field, era, understand, make it possible, different, achieve, some,

advance, enable, area, various, reach, essential, job, important.

Упражнение 27. Составьте предложения, пользуясь словами и выражениями

из таблицы.

Her friend

They

I

You

We

are watching

is writing

are listening to

am reading

is speaking

a letter

on the telephone

the latest news on the radio

the TV programme

an exercise

Упражнение 28.

ми-сказуемыми:

Придумайте предложения со следующими глагола-

is changing, was changing, will be changing, are becoming, will

be developing, are being introduced, was being solved.

Упражнение 29. Раскройте скобки.

A. When Peter was a child, he had two drawing books. One of

them was (large) than the other. His elder brother bought the

(large) one for him. Peter liked it (well) because the drawings in it

were (large) and simple. He drew something every day. Each new

day his drawing was (good) than the one he had made the day before.

The last page was much (good) than the first one.

B. After graduating from the institute Mike went to Siberia to a

small industrial town. It was (difficult) for him to begin his work as

an engineer than he thought that it would be. He moved to (important)

city than the first one. He was not (successful) there than before,

however, and sometimes he was even (unhappy). However, he

was (happy) about one thing, he was becoming a (useful) specialist.

С New York is the (large) city in the US. Perhaps, with all its

suburbs (пригород), it is the (large) city in the world. It is one of

the (important) industrial cities in the country. Some of the (old)

and historic buildings are there. Some of the buildings in New York

City are the (high) buildings in the whole world. New York City is

not only the (large) city in the US; it is also the (important) industrial

center. Perhaps, the (expensive) office buildings in the world

are there. It has the (great) number of factories, the (large) banks

and post offices. It sends out many letters and receives the (heavy)

mail bags. It is truly the (important) business city.

Упражнение 30. Прочитайте текст и озаглавьте его.

The highest mountain in the world is Mount Everest -- 29,002

feet high. The largest ocean is the Pacific having a total area of

63,986,000 square miles. The Atlantic Ocean, the next largest, is

only 31,530,000 square miles, the Indian Ocean with 28,350,000

square miles comes third. The longest river is the Nile which is

more than 4,000 miles longer or about twice the distance by air

from London to Beirut. The biggest island is Greenland which belongs

to Denmark and is about 840,000 square miles in extent. The

largest lake is the Caspian Sea. Geographers consider it as a lake

because it is not connected with any of the great oceans. It has an

area of about 170,000 square miles. Which is the deepest sea? So

far, as we know at present the greatest depth is in the Pacific Ocean

near the Philippines and goes down to 37,000 feet, which is much

more than the height of Everest. The biggest volcano is in Ecuador,

South America. It is still active and 19,612 feet high. There is another

one between Argentina and Chile and it is more than 3,000

feet higher.

Упражнение 31. Напишите существительные в единственном числе.

cities, countries, societies, universities, technologies, lorries,

industries, dictionaries, territories, theories, communities.

Упражнение 32. Дайте недостающие формы глаголов, запомните их.

grown. Stand, dealing, brought, knew, making, send, found,

thought, spending.

Упражнение 33. Прочитайте и переведите текст без словаря.

It is difficult for mankind to predict (предсказать) changes in

the environment accurately. It is known that natural changes in

weather and climate may have more catastrophic global effects

than human activity. But scientists are developing a new concept

that can help make such prediction more accurately. It is based on

our understanding that the Earth is an integral system. Its parts —

oceans, atmosphere, land or life — cannot be understood in isolation

to predict changes in the most accurate way. Modern scientific

and technological progress made it possible to use new technologies

for that purpose. That satellites can control physical, chemical,

biological and geological changes on a global scale is well-known

now. One must also know that the study of environmental problems

with the help of satellites is becoming international. Russia, the

US, France, Japan, Canada, India, China and Italy are planning to

send their satellites in both polar and geostationary orbits.

CONVERSATION

Exercise 1. Answer*the questions according to the example:

What is one of the most important problems for mankind now? (the problem of pollution

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