Дискуссия

Прочитайте текст В без словаря. Кратко суммируйте его содержание по-русски.

Выполните задание по следующему образцу.

Суммируйте содержание текста Б, используя следующие выражения.

To graduate from; to carry out an experiment; to take a postgraduate course; the share of coal; to work out a problem; the number of postgraduates (postgraduate students); to increase; to decrease; to discover; the fuel balance

Выполните задание по следующему образцу;,

А) Прочитайте вслух следующие предложения.

б) Выберите из предлагаемых в скобках вариантов правильный пере­вод для глагола-сказуемого.

1. Today mining engineering has become a key industry on which the speed (скорость) of economic development depends, (a. становится, б. стало, в. станет)

1. Experience has helped the engineers to solve the problem of increasing coal output, (а. помог, б. поможет, в. помогает)

3. Research workers have developed an efficient method for
mining bedded deposits, (а. разрабатывают, б. разработали, в.
разрабатывается)

30. Назовите предложены, • жоторых глаголы-сказуемые употребляются
• одной ю форм группы Perfect. Переведите предложения:

I.They have provided the laboratory with the modern equip­ment for carrying out experiments.

2. These engineers have graduated from the college.

3. The universities have advanced courses in rock mechanics and
surface excavation.

4. Mechanization and automation of underground mines and
opencasts have advanced greatly.

5. The research workers had made a lot of experiments before
they received positive results.

6. N. had worked in the mine for many years before he became a
research worker.

31. Составьте предложения из следующих слов:

1. much time, the students, in, spent, today, have, the laboratory

2. Moscow, for Great Britain, just, left, the scientist, has

3. already, his, he, finished, work, has, laboratory

4. never, the dressing plant, have, to, we, been

5. has, the institute, graduated from, she, not, yet

32. Прочитайте следующие предложения, определите временную форму
глаголов-сназуемых. Переведите предложения.

а) 1. The engineer has just graduated from the mining engineer­ing department.

2. This year the college authority has introduced a new course
in environmental protection.

3. Have you ever been in the mine?

4. The group of researchers has not yet solved the problem of
using a new method in their work.

5. Mining has now become a technically advanced branch of
industry.

6)1. A group of experienced engineers began to design and construct anew, more powerful mining equipment for opencasts two years ago.This year they have finished their work. (The equip­ment is ready for use in industry.)

2. Some years ago coal was the only fuel available in Great Britain.

в) Until recently Britain's heavy industry was mainly in the cen­tre of England and in the London region. Such towns as Birming-

ham, Coventry and Sheffield produced heavy machinery, motor­cars and other equipment. These old industrial centres have devel­oped new branches of industry: electronics, radio, the chemical industry and others.

33. Найдите в тексте Б предложения, в которых глагол-Сказуемое
выражает законченное действие.

Образец: Say what the students have already done (to pass their examinations). The students have already passed their examinations.

1) Say what the students (a group of students) have (has) al­
ready done (to pass examinations, to make experiments, to present a re­
port, to write a graduation paper, to have practical work).

2) Say what the manager (the group of engineers, the authori­
ty) hasn't (haven't) done yet (to work out special methods, to design
a new computer, to equip laboratories, to introduce automated systems
of planning and control of underground operations, to provide the
laboratory with necessary equipment).

3) Say what the students (the geologists, the manager, the col­
lege, the miners) did (did not do) not long ago, last year, two
months ago, last week, etc. (to keep in close touch with industrial
enterprises, to discover new deposits, to extract many tons of coal, to
replace old equipment, to touch upon the problem of labour productiv­
ity, to attend lectures and classes).

35. Прочитайте предложения и определите, в каком из них следует
употребить форму совершенного времени (The Perfect Tense). Переведите
предложения, используя следующие слова и сочетания слов:

1. Они уже провели эксперимент.

2. Они провели эксперимент на прошлой неделе.

3. Этот молодой инженер закончил институт два года тому
назад.

4. В этом году он поступил в аспирантуру.

5. После того как геологи открыли природный газ, доля
угля в топливном балансе района уменьшилась.

to provide full-time and part-time education; to confer diplomas; to take courses; to become a tradition; to take examinations; to interview the students; an intensive tutorial system; to train engineers; a three-term system

37. Побеседуйте по содержанию текста Б по образцу. Используйте
разговорные формулы.

Образец: A.: Have you read anything about

mining education in Great Britain? В.: Yes, I have. I know that... C.: I agree with you but I'd like to add... D.: I see. Let me say about...

38. Найдите в тексте Б сказуемые, в состав которых входят модальные
глаголы или их эквиваленты.

Образец: Say how many subjects you had to take at the entrance examinations. -> I had to take four subjects.

Say 1) what subjects you had to take at your entrance examina­tions; 2) what subjects you are to study in your first year; 3) what specializations your institute offers; 4) what subjects the students must study if they take a course of underground technology; 5) what subjects you study regardless of your specialization.

40. Прочитайте следующий текст и озаглавьте его. В каждом предло­
жения найдите группу «подлежащее — сказуемое».

In Russia great attention is paid to engineering education. Much depends on today's students. They will be tomorrow's engineers, geolo­gists, designers, economists, etc. They will have to cope with the tasks which the country will set before them. Today a student is to get a much greater amount of new information and this amount is growing all the time. Future specialists must acquire professional knowledge and skills and get modern methods of scientific research, advanced production technology, its organization and management. Engineers of a new type cannot be trained apart from modern production, science and technology.

They are to take an active part in accelerating scientific and technological progress.

в

ТЕКСТ В

In the USA the basic aim of technical higher education is the train­ing of qualified specialists in a selected field of technology.

In the field of technical education they have a three-part programme: 1) The University programme for engineers and scientists. 2) The technical institute 'programme for engineering technicians. 3) The vocational trade programme.

The students can get mining education at special colleges and at mining departments of universities. For example, one of the oldest mining schools in the USA is the Colorado School of Mines. Early mining operations in the Territory of Colorado emphasized the need for a college to train mining engineers.

The Colorado School of Mines is situated in the mineral-producing area of the Rocky Mountains. The area is rich in non-ferrous metals such as molybdenum, vanadium, zinc and other deposits. Besides, Colorado has processing (dressing) plants, petroleum refineries and steel plants. Many coal mines are in operation throughout the area.

The field of study includes earth sciences (geology, geochemistry, geophysics and others) and engineering. The students may specialize in petrology, mineral deposits, mining engineering and other disci­plines.

Field work is an important part of training. All students take part in a summer field course during their undergraduate programme. Geology laboratories are available within the Department of Geology for study and research.

The mining engineering students study the basic sciences, principles and technologies of mineral exploration, underground and surface operations, rock mechanics, mine ventilation, surveying, mine safety and operating research. The Department operates the experimental mine. It is a large and well-equipped laboratory for teaching and research in mining operations.

The education is fee-paying. The School collects fees at the begin­ning of each semester. Semester fees include fees for health service, athletics, student centre and others. A student will not be allowed to take final examinations or be graduated if he (or she) has debts (долги) to the college.

During their course of training the students may visit surface and underground mines, oil fields, dressing plants and regions of geological interest.

A study of current curricula shows that the average American engineer receives only 10% of geology and 25% of mining in his (or her) undergraduate education in mining. As a rule, mining en­gineering programmes include: Liberal arts — 20%; Basic sciences — 25%; General engineering — 20%; Geology — 10%; Mining — 25%.

42. а) Выразите основную мысль каждого абзаца текста В одним или
двумя предложеншп».

б) Найдите в тексте В абзацы, в которых говорятся о характерных особенностях системы высшего образования в США.

43. Определите, какой из трех заголовков наиболее соответствует
содержанию текста В.

1. Education in the USA.

2. Higher Education in the USA.

3. Technical Higher Education in the USA.

44. Составьте 10 специальных и 5 разделительных вопросов к тексту В.
(Помните, что разделительные вопросы характерны для устной речи.)

Дата добавления: 2014-12-27