Заполните пропуски в предложениях, используя приведенные слова

Укажете, какие предложения соответствуют содержанию текста. Подтвердите свои ответы фактами из текста.

1. Coal, water power and atomic energy are the only sources of
energy available to man today.

2. Coal, wood and peat represent natural group of solid fuels.

3. As a rule fossil fuels are found in sedimentary rocks.

4. Crude oil is widely used for producing solid fuels.

5. Petroleum can be found in porous sedimentary rocks.

6. Gas is used to produce synthetic materials.

7. Not all types of fossil fuels burn.

7. Ответьте на следующие вопросы:

1. What fuels are often referred to as fossil fuels?

2. What does the word fossil mean?

3. What rocks are most abundant hi fossil fuels?

4. What types of fossil fuels do you know?

5. Is coke a natural or manufactured solid fuel? And what can
you say about coal and peat?

6. How are coke and charcoal produced?

7. What rocks is petroleum usually associated with?

8. What are the advantages of gaseous fuels?

Unit6 _ 143

8. а) Найдите в право! колопе русские эквиваленты следующих слов •
сочетали ело*.

1. fossil fUel а) дерево и торф

2. raw material б) небольшое количество аргиллита

3. crude oil в) органическое топливо

4. the chief sources of energy г) сланец и известняк

5. to refer to д) сырье

6. any direct or indirect e) материалы, содержащие углерод
evidence of the deposit ж) главные источники энергии

7. shale and limestone з) любые прямые или косвенные

8. carbon-containing materials признаки месторождения

9. wood and peat и) сырая (неочищенная) нефть

10. the small amount of mudstonet к) относиться к (чему-л.);

ссылаться на (что-л.)

б) Найдите в правой колонке английские эквиваленты следующих слов и сочетаний слов.

1. древесный уголь и кокс a) to collect data

2. жидкое топливо б) charcoal and coke

3. накапливать в) to be composed of limestones

4. собирать данные г) liquid fuel

5. происходить от д) to accumulate

6. получать хорошие результаты 'е) to derive from

7. богатый горючими сланцами ж) to obtain good result»

8. состоять из известняков з) abundant in oil shales

9. Определите, какой частью речи являются выделенные слова. Переве­
дите предложении:

1. Mineral fuels such as oil, oil shale, gas and coal are com­
monly called fossil fuels.

2. These fossils are organic materials accumulated in the geologic
past.

3. As a rule oil deposits are usually associated with water and
natural gas.

4. Salt deposits form folds in which petroleum can be found.

5. Liquid is one of the states of matter.

6. Liquid fuels are derived from petroleum.

7. Coke manufacture depends on certain (определенный) grades
of coal.

8. Chemical plants manufacture synthetic materials from natural
gas.

accumulation ^accumulate accumulate

1. Fossil fuels were formed as a result of the... of vegetable matter.

144_____________________________________________ Unit 6

2. These fossil fuels are organic materials that... in the geologic
past.

3. Coal, for example, deposited from vegetable remains... in
swamp (болото) areas millions of years ago.

4. As is known, any natural... of mineral of some volume in the
Earth's crust is a mineral deposit.

11. Прочитайте следующие предложения. Найдите в каждом из них
группу «подлежащее — сказуемое». Определите, чем выражено подлежащее.
Переведите предложения:

1. Using coal as a fuel began in the twelfth century.

2. Extracting useful minerals by underground methods will con­
tinue in future.

3. Winning coal from deep horizons is difficult due to high tem­
peratures.

4. Producing oil from shale has been successfully carried out for
many years.

12. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на перевод выделенных
слов:

1. Electricity is a source of light as well as of heat.

2. As igneous rocks and their veins are rich in mineral deposits,
they are very important to man.

3. As is known, fossils are found in sedimentary rocks although
they may be found in igneous rocks as well.

4. Mine cars are unloaded (разгружать) as they pass through a
loading point.

5. As far as petroleum is concerned it is associated with water
and natural gas.

6. Nowadays natural gas is utilized as a raw material for manu­
facturing synthetics.

7. As a rule open-cast mining is used when the deposit lies near
the surface.

13. Прочитайте следующие предложения. Обратите внимание на пере-вод
герундия с предлогами by, for, in, of, он, without:

1. The progress in the coal industry was achieved by mechaniz­
ing and re-equipping underground operations.

2. Brown coal and lignite are used as raw materials for produc­
ing coke and chemical products.

3. The problem of extracting geothermal energy is under con­
sideration now.

Unit 6______________________________________________ 145

4. On re-utilizing the wastes (отходы) it will be possible to
make the extractive industries more efficient.

5. Geologists have got good results in prospecting for mineral
resources in the sea.

14. а) Назовите, в каких предложениях употреблен герундий. Укажите
определяющие его признаки:

1. Charcoal is used for producing high grades of cast iron.

2. Coke is formed in the process of heating certain grades of coal
in the absence of air.

3. New concentration plants have been built for the processing of
non-ferrous and ferrous metals.

4. Many minerals undergo changes by taking water in their
molecule.

5. The form of a mineral body is taken into consideration in
selecting the method of mining.

6. In prospecting for useful minerals, aerial photography will
play an important part.

7. Using modern mining equipment allowed the miners to in­
crease the output of coal.

8. The training of mining specialists now takes place in proxim­
ity to industrial enterprises.

9. It is difficult to understand the nature of fossils without study­
ing their origin.

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