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JAPAN Will Pay Top Yen for Hot Air

TEENS AND TWENTYSOME-things across Asia and Eu­rope have long coveted authen­tic American garb, regardless of how worn, torn or downright gamey the clothing in question. But in the used-Nike depart­ment, things have gotten way out of hand: a pair of Air Jordan sneakers from 1985 to 1991 (when namesake Michael Jor­dan was at his hottest) now sells for $200 and up in used-cloth­ing stores in Japan and France. Most prized among aficionados are the rare navy-and-white or yellow-and-black models, which have fetched as much as $2,000 a pair. "Those who are really cra­zy about Air Jordans even go for original shoe boxes," says Toshihiro Tokita, a clerk at Tokyo's White Head Eagle store.

TERRORISM Fearing a 'Day of Doom'

ACROSS MUCH OF AMERICA, WORKERS ARE RUSHING to install closed-circuit TVs, metal detectors and X-ray machines in federal buildings. Newsweek has learned the U.S. government has spent $300 million on new safety measures. The preparations are all for April 19, which U.S. workers have come to fear as the Day of Doom. That's the anniversary of last year's Oklahoma City bombing, the 1993 Waco, Texas, shootout and other government run-ins. Though extremists claim they have no dark plans, the Feds take the threat seriously. Montana militiaman John Trochmann says the date is more notable for government aggression: "That's what we're concerned about—doom against 'we the people'. "

America dm	See, violence doesn't just happen here. But it's no fun being the slaughter standard.
China	OK, they didn't hit anything. But won't even promise not to.
Japan	This is the country the world once feared? Protests, scandals, salarymen dropouts.
Buchanan ___	Mr. Bully gets bopped as Dole sweeps up. Even at home, America First came last.

FOLKTALES Farm Terror

TALES OF CHUPACABRAS — "the goatsucker"—are sweeping Spanish-speaking parts of south Florida. The noc­turnal barnyard killer, which was first reported last year in Puerto Rico, is now being blamed for slaughtering goats and chickens in Miami. De­scribed as a fanged "non-humanoid," chupacabras looks nothing like a dog— the real cul­prit, says a lo­cal zoologist.

PRODUCTS Sun Power

CAMCORDER BUFFS, CELLular-phone users and own­ers of other devices that run on rechargeable batteries—such as laptops and portable televi­sions—can now use them al­most anywhere without worry­ing about running out of power. Sun Celular Products Co. of Bellaire, Texas, is marketing a portable re-charger that uses ordinary daylight or di­rect sun to keep a rechargeable device going. Each charger consists of a se­ries of eight so­lar panels, less than one-six­teenth inch thick, arranged accordion style. Opened for charging, the panels measure three inches by eight inches. When folded, they can easily fit into a shirt pocket. "For the first time, the usability ofrechargeables is not limited to the acces­sibility of a car or boat cigarette lighter," says Jerry Finberg, president of SunCel. The panels can also be charged from a wall outlet, which the makers say takes approximately 90 min­utes. Cost: $129.

Keeping Cool WANT TO KEEP YOUR COOL while exercising at the gym, sunning on the beach or working on your car in the ga­rage? To help you feel comfort­able, Black & Decker is selling the SnakeFan, a small fan at­tached to a bendable, light­weight neck and base. Snake-Fan can be wound around the handlebars of a stationary bicy­cle, umbrella poles at the beach or the lamp on your desk. It is powered by two С batteries; a plug-in adapter is also avail­able. Cost: $30. Mark Frankel and John Wojno

CD-ROM Jurassic Island

THE PREMISE OF X the CD-ROM game version of James Gurney's best-selling series of illustrated children's books, "Dinotopia" ($50, Windows, 800-294-0022), is simple. You've been shipwrecked and cast ashore on a strange island in which humans and dinosaurs live to­gether peacefully. Your mission: explore the landscape and find your missing sister. The in­terface is a bit clunky, but the beautiful Gurney-inspired illustra­tions and the game's gentle humanism make up for it.

RELIGION New Hub

Scientology's Web site (http://www.sden tology.org), which opened this week, proves that devotees of L. Ron Hubbard's reli­gion are, well, devoted. The sprawling site was created by 100 members, some of whom trekked to California to do the job, and contains 30,000 screens—from the group's history to virtual

O N LI N E Rotisserie Nirvana

JUST IN TIME FOR SPRING training, rotisserie baseball has hit the World Wide Web. In rotisserie, fans pretend to be owner, general manager and manager all at once. Keeping track of player statistics turns normally mild-mannered types into raving statistics junkies, desperate to know Brent Gates's average after the All-Star Game. One site offering balm for the afflicted is RoBO, set up by Health Data Services (http://www.infi.net/ robo/). It provides not on­ly tons of data but a matchmaking service for players in search of a league. It also has links to other sites like Patton $, which sells soft­ware to manage your draft from the laptop. Fantasy dweebs will also devour Peter Kreutzer's daily rotis­serie column on ESPNET(www. sportszone.com/mlb)—inside tips straight from the Grapefruit League. Web-challenged rotissari-ans are doomed.

INTERNET Find Me

Pc-meter's new sur-vey shows that three of the five most visited Web sites are search en­gines, those handy soft­ware programs that hunt down data. If that's true, c|net has built the Next Big Thing. Search.com (http:// www.search. com) debuts this week as a clearinghouse for 250 top engines.Users can customize an Inter­net search in seconds. A search on the "Finance" page turns up sites about stock value, ticker sym­bols and much more for any publicly traded com­pany. Information democracy may be here at last.

TECHNOLOGY Making Faces

FUMIO HARA DIDN'T have an application in mind when he started building his Face Robot. Now that it's done, doc­tors think robots like it could someday assist

medical therapists in helping mentally damaged patients recover emotional re­sponses. Hara, of Science University of Tokyo, spent three years and about $95,000 perfecting the machine, which uses silicone for skin and computer-con­trolled aluminum pistons to control facial movement. The robot "sees" through tiny cameras behind its eyeballs and can immediately mimic human expressions like happiness, sadness, anger—and many nuances in between.

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­ 1. Read the article and Look up the meaning of the words and phrases in the dictionary.

Transnational terrorism

States with poor governance; ethnic, cultural, or religious tensions; weak economies will be prime grounds for terrorism. At the same time, the trend away from state-supported political terrorism and toward more diverse, transnational networks — enabled by information technology — will continue. Some of the states that actively sponsor terrorism or terrorist groups today may decrease or even cease their support by 2015 as a result of regime changes, or the conclusion that terrorism has become counterproductive. But weak states also could drift toward cooperation with terrorists, creating de facto new state supporters. Beeween now and 2015 terrorist tactics will become increasingly sophisticated and aimed at achieving mass casualties. We expect the trend toward greater lethality in terrorist attacks to continue.

­ 1. Read the article and Look up the meaning of the words and phrases in the dictionary.

Global trends: future conflict

Through 2015, internal conflicts will ups the most frequent 1abi1ity around the world. Interstate wars, though less frequent, will w in lethality due to the availability of more destructive technologies. The international community will have to deal with the military, political, and economic dimensions of the rise of China and India and continued decline of Russia. Many internal conflicts, particularly I hose arising from communal disputes, will continue to be dangerous, lug—lasting and difficult to terminate. They frequently will have refugee flows and other regionally destabilizing dislocations. Internal conflicts will cause spillover into inter—state conflicts as states move to exploit opportunities for gain or to limit the possibilities of damage to their national interests. Weak states will face internal conflicts, threatening the stability of international system.

Internal conflicts growing from state repression, religious and ethnic content, increasing migration pressures will occur most frequently in Saharan Africa, the Caucasus and Central Asia, and parts of south aid southeast Asia, Central America and the Andean region. The United Nations and several regional organizations will continue to be called upon to manage some internal conflicts because ii; or states —— stressed by domestic concerns, risk of failure, lack of political will, or tight resources — will wish to minimize their direct involvement. When, however, some Western governments, international id regional organizations press for outside military intervention in ii lain internal conflicts, they will be opposed by such states as China, India, Russia and many developing countries that will start to view interventions as dangerous precedents challenging state sovereignty

2. Give Russian equivalents of the following words and phrases.

To pose a threat to; inter—state wars; lethality; a dimension; communal disputes; to terminate; to trigger; a refugee flow; internal; humanitarian emergency; to exploit an opportunity; discontent; tight resources; to tend.

3. Give English equivaLents of the following words and phrases and reproduce the sentences from the text with this active vocabulary.

Поток беженцев; вызвать; измерение; мсжкультурные и религиозноэтнические разногласия; нехватка ресурсов; представлять угрозу; заканчивать; вну-гренний; гуманитарная катастрофа; перетекание (переход); летальность; использовать возможность; недовольство; межгосударственные войны; иметь тенденцию.

4. Read the articLe again and answer the questions using the active vocabuLary.

1) ‘What conflicts will pose the most frequent threat to stability around the world? 2) ‘Why will inter—state wars grow in lethality? 3) What features of future internal conflicts can you name? 4) What will internal conflicts frequently trigger? 5) What will internal conflicts cause? 6) What are internal conflicts growing from? 7) Why will major states wish to minimize their direct involvement in internal conflicts? 8) What will China, India and Russia oppose? And why?

6. Questions for discussion.

1) What conflicts do you believe will be more dangerous and why? 2) Why do you think non-government experts assume that many internal conflicts, particularly those arising from communal disputes, will continue to be dangerous, long-lasting and difficult to terminate? 3) Why will internal conflicts cause spillover into inter-state conflicts? 4) How do you think religious and ethnic discontent, increasing migration pressures may affect Russian security? 5) Do you think possible military intervention of Western governments, international and regional organizations in certain internal conflicts may threaten Russia’s security?

Translate the following texts into English.

1. Превентивная война — война захватническая, в этом нет сомнения. Она не может подходить вод определение справедливой оборонительной войн ы. Такое заявление сделал председатель католической организации Справедливость в мире.

Каждое государство имеет право защищаться от нападения, — уточнил он, — но это должно быть реальное нападение, а не вероятность агрессии. Вначале должна быть агрессия, а затем ответный, оборонительный удар, а не наоборот».

2. Индия пристально следит за ракетно-ядерными программами Пакистана и предпринимает сответствующие меры на случай привлечения на ее территории ядерного или биологического оружия. Об этом проинформировал министр обороны страны верхнюю палату парламента. Индия делает все, подчеркнул он, чтобы гарантировать защиту от атомного оружия. Он также заявил, что Пакистан вновь открыл на своей территории лагеря и учебные центры по подготовке террористов с целью их последующей отправки в Индию для совершении террористических актов и дестабилизации обстановки в этом региоyе.

Comment on the quotation:

“Against war it may be said that it makes the victor stupid and the vanquished revengeful.” (Nietzsche)

1. Read the article and Look up the meaning of the underlined words and phrases in the dictionary.

Interstate conflicts

Over the next 15 years, the international system will have to adjust to hanging power relationships in key regions.

• China’s potential. estimates of China beyond five years are unpredictable. Some projections indicate that Chinese power will rise because of tile growth of its economic and military capabilities. Other projections indicate that political, social, and economic pressures will increasingly challenge the stability and legitimacy of the regime. Most assessments today argue that China will seek to avoid conflict in the legion to promote stable economic growth and to ensure internal stability. A strong China, others assert, would seek to adjust regional power arrangements to its advantage, risking conflict with neighbors and some powers external to the region. A weak China would increase prospects for criminality, narcotics trafficking, illegal migration, WM proliferation, and widespread social instability.

• Russia’s decline. By 2015, Russia will be challenged even more than today to adjust its expectations for world leadership to the sharply educed resources it will have to play that role. The quality of Russian governance is an open question as is whether the country will be able to make it in a manner that preserves rather than breaks regional stability.

• Japan’s uncertainty. In the view of many experts, Japan will have difficulty maintaining its current position as the world’s third largest economy by 2015. Tokyo has so far not shown a willingness to carry through the painful economic reforms necessary to slow the erosion of its leadership role in Asia. In the absence of an external shock, Japan is similarly unlikely to accelerate changes in security policy. India’s prospects. India will strengthen its role as a regional power; but many uncertainties about the effects of global trends on its society cast doubt on how far India will go. India faces growing extremes between wealth and poverty, a mixed picture on natural resources, and problems with internal governance.

The changing dynamics of state power will combine with other factors to affect the risk of conflict in various regions. Changing military capabilities will be prominent among the factors that determine the risk of war. In South Asia, for example, that risk will remain fairly high over the next 15 years. India and Pakistan are both prone to miscalculation. Both will continue to build up their nuclear and missile forces. India most likely will expand the size of its nuclear-capable force. Pakistan’s nuclear and missile forces also will continue to increase. Islamabad has publicly claimed that the number of nuclear weapons and missiles it deploys will he based on “minimum” deterreçg and will he independent of the size of India’s arsenal. A noticeable increase in the size of India’s arsenal, however; would prompt Pakistan to further increase the size of its own arsenal.

Russia will be unable to maintain conventional forces that are both sufficient and modern or to project significant military power with conventional means. The Russian military will increasingly rely on its declining strategic and theater nuclear arsenals to deter or, if deterrence fails, to counter large—scale conventional assaults on Russian territory.

• Moscow will maintain as many strategic missiles and associated nuclear warheads as it believes it can afford hut well below START I or II’ limitations. The total Russian force by 2015, including air launched cruise missiles, probably will be below 2,500 warheads.

• Russia will invest scarce resources in selected and secretive military technology programs, especially WMD, hoping to counter Western conventional and strategic superiority.

China by 2015 will have deployed tens to several tens of missiles with nuclear warheads targeted against the United States, mostly more survivable land- and sea-based mobile missiles. It also will have hundreds of shorter—range ballistic and cruise missiles for use in regional conflicts. Some of these shorter—range missiles will have nuclear warheads; most will be armed with conventional warheads as ballistic missile defense.

China’s People’s Liberation Army (PEA) will remain the world’s largest military, but the majority of the force will not be fully modernized by 2015. China could close the technological gap with the West in one or more major weapons systems. China’s capability for regional military operations is likely to improve significantly by 2015.

• China will be exploiting advanced weapons and production technologies acquired from abroad — Russia, Israel, Europe, Japan, and United States — that will enable it to integrate naval and air capablities against Taiwan and potential adversaries in the South China

• In the event of a peaceful resolution of the Taiwan issue, some of military objectives — such as protecting the sea lanes for Persian oil — could become closer to those of the United States. As an emerging regional power, China would continue its influence without regard to US interests.

Give Russian equivalents of the following words and phrases.

Deterrence; cruise missiles; an objective; to expand one’s influence; governance; to determine; to adjust; conventional forces; to cast doubt on smth; an assessment; to be prone to miscalculation; WMD proliferation; unpredictable; sufficient; an estimate; resolution; to build up; superiority; transition.

4. Read the article again and answer the questions using the active vocabulary.

I) What will the international system have to adjust to over the next 15 years? 2) What are estimates of China beyond five years? 3) What do most assessments argue about China’? 4) What is the quality assessment of Russian governance’? 5) What is the forecast for Japan’? 6) What are both India and Pakistan prone to’? 7) Will India and Pakistan reduce their nuclear and missile forces? 8) What will Pakistan’s and India’s nuclear forces be based on? 9) What will Russia be unable to maintain? 10) How will Russia try to counter Western superiority? 11) How can the peaceful resolution of the Taiwan issue affect Chinese military objectives’? 12) Will China diminish its influence?

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