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Means of Expressing Future Actions Viewed from the Past
§ 51. English has some special forms to express future actions if has the following forms: the Future Indefinite-in-the-Past, the Future Continuous-in-the-Past, and the Future Perfect-in-the-Past. 1) The Future Indefinite-in-the-Past is an analytical form should and would disappears altogether in spoken English where The use of the Future Indefinite-in-the-Past is structurally de- e.g. At twenty I did not know whether any woman would love me with her whole heart. I felt that further conversation with Dave would be unprofit- The Future Indefinite-in-the-Past expresses the time of the ac- 2) The Future Continuous-in-the-Past is an analytical form
1 It can be used in all types of clauses in which the rules of the sequence of tenses (e.g. / said I should be seeing him often soon. I said he would be The Future Continuous-in-the-Past generally serves to show e.g. Towards the end of May he had a letter from Rosalind, in He said he would be seeing her that evening at the Atkinsons. I felt that in a moment we should be talking soberly like two It should be noted that the application of the Future Con 3) The Future Perfect-in-the-Past (should/would have done) e.g. I was afraid that he would have started off by the time I got § 52. In addition to the Future-in-the-Past there are other means 1) The Past Continuous is used to express a future-in-the-past e.g. In the pocket of his dinner-jacket was a letter from Annette. She was coming back in a fortnight. 2) To be to + infinitive, which is usually treated as a modal e.g. I've still got the letter. I was to post it. But of course later I He was beside himself with excitement because his book was "To be to + infinitive" may also serve to express orders or in- e.g. I had already impressed upon her that she was not to men- There was a special order that no one was to come to the sta- When it denotes a future action viewed from the past, "to be e.g. And then came the offer of the research which was to occupy so much of his working life. 3) To be going to + infinitive may have two different meanings: This use of the "going-to form" is chiefly found in object clauses. e.g. Finn said he was going to write a letter to his uncle in Ireland. It is noteworthy that the Past tense of the "going-to form" e.g. He was going to meet you himself, only his car was stolen. tonight. b) The speaker's feeling that the action was unavoidable, that e.g. If only we knew what was going to happen. You always thought I was going to die, didn't you? I knew he was going to regret the day he had ever written that letter. 4) The Past Indefinite may be used in two different cases a) With reference to a future action viewed from the past in that I would look her up when she returned. give her away. Note. In clauses other than those of time, condition and concession, the Fu- e.g. I asked him if he would stay another week with us. The time would come when they would all be proud of Tony. b) In object clauses after one of the past tenses of to see (-= to e.g. He knew that Rosalind would see that it did not happen. § 53. To sum it up, it should be mentioned that though the use
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