Запомните слова и словосочетания. Переведите интернациональные слова

Переведите интернациональные слова.

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Переведите и используйте выделенные слова в своих предложениях.

This expert is a patentee for some well-known inventions. They train as civil engineers under a famous professor in this field.

New trainees will start next week.

A trainer is a person who trains people or animals for sport, work, etc, and a trainee is a person who is trained for a job.

• to examine, examiner, examinee;

• to employ, employer, employee;

• to interview, interviewer, interviewee;

• to oblige, obligor, obligee.

10.

absorb, circulate, condenser, contact, expansion, effect, energy, feder­al, international, regulations, standard, identify, limit, production, thermal, toxicity, toxic, ethane, methane, series.

heat exchanger — теплообменник, радиатор отопления;

to reject — отвергать, отклонять;

refrigerant— холодильный агент, хладагент;

medium — способ, средство, среда;

residential-sized equipment— размер оборудования для жилых зданий;

chiller — охладитель, холодильная установка;

heat exchanger — теплообменник;

capacity — вместимость, возможность, мощность, производи­тельность;

federal regulations — федеральные постановления/акты;

international agreements — международные соглашения;

restriction — ограничение, запрет;

toxicity — токсичность, ядовитость;

flammability — воспламеняемость;

airborne — переносимый по воздуху, воздушный;

exposure — подверженность воздействию.

3. Прочитайте текст и выполните задания.

[The condenser is a heat exchanger used to reject heat from the re­frigerant to a cooling medium.]⁰ The refrigerant enters the condenser and usually leaves it as a sub-cooled liquid. Typical cooling mediums used in condensers are air and water. Most residential-sized equipment uses air, while many larger chillers use water.

[The refrigerant is at a temperature below that of the medium (air or water) to be cooled. The refrigerant travels through a heat ex­changer called the evaporator.]⁰ It absorbs energy from the air or wa­ter circulated through the evaporator. It is a direct expansion system if air is circulated through the evaporator. If water is circulated through

the evaporator, it is called a chiller. In either case the refrigerant does not make direct contact with air or water.

The kW of thermal cooling capacity produced by the air condition­er must not be confused with the amount of electrical power (also ex­pressed in kW) required to produce the cooling effect.

Many of the refrigerants are nontoxic and nonflammable. Howev­er, recent federal regulations and international agreements have placed strong restrictions on the production and use of CFCs* and HCFCs**. It is HFCs*** that are now being used instead of them.

ASHRAE**** has a standard numbering system to identify refri­gerants. Most of them are in the methane and ethane series. ASHRAE groups refrigerants by their toxicity and flammability. Toxicity is based on the upper safety limit for airborne exposure:

• Group A is nonflammable and less toxic.

• Group В is flammable and toxic.

*CFCs — chlorofluorocarbons are chemicals widely used in refrigeration, air conditioning, and heat pumps. They deplete the ozone layer, and an International agreement to reduce their use was reached in the Montreal Protocol in 1987.

** HCFCs — hydrochlorofluorocarbons are enabling the phase-out of CFCs. They are energy-efficient, low-in-toxicity, cost effective and can be used safely.

***HFCs — hydrofluorocarbons are any of a class of partly chlorinated and flu- orinated hydrocarbons used as an alternative to chlorofluorocarbons in foam produc­tion, refrigeration, and other processes.

***ASHRAE— the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air- condi­tioning Engineers. (1 900 п.зн.)

Дата добавления: 2014-12-29