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Особенности национальной культуры при отборе персонала. Особенности рекламы о вакансиях в разных культурахФондовая биржа. Техника продаж ценных бумаг на биржах. (NASDAQ, NYSE, Dow Jones Industrial Average). Stock exchange – place where stocks, shares, debentures and other bonds are bought and sold. Stockbroker – dealer in stocks and shares, trading has to be done through them (ordinary people are not allowed to deal on Stock Exchange).
Stock selling process: - person with money to invest approaches stockbroker (directly, through bank manager or solicitor) - stockbroker advises type and quantity of shares to buy - client pays broker’s comission and government stamp duty in addition to share cost - broker charges commission of ½-1½ per cent (depending on amount of money involved) - broker goes to the floor of the Stock Exchange - approaches jobbers (who buy and sell shares)trying to get the lowest price for his client’s shares - broker gives the shares as a certificate to the client, he holds his share and gets dividends Factors affecting share prices: - company’s profits - board of directors’ policies - government policies - taxes - labour strikes - unemployment - general market level rising - takeover or merger prospects - world affairs Speculators – people active in buying and selling shares on the stock market: - bulls buy shares expecting prices to rise - bears sell shares expecting prices to fall - stags buy newly issued shares in the expectation that prices will rise, then sell them on in the hope of making a quick profit Share index – representative group of shares chosen as a barometer of the movement of the market as a whole: - FTSE 100 – the 100 largest companies listed on the British stock exchange. - NIKKEI 300 – the top 300 shares on the Japanese stock market. - Dow Jones Industrial Average – 30 leading industrial companies in the US - NASDAQ – the largest electronic screen-based equity securities trading market in the USA - NYSE – the world’s largest stock exchange by market capitalization (New York, USA)
Executive positions are not advertised in the same way in different countries. UK: - Considers salary an essential piece of info - Job ads contain not only info about salary, but about other material incentives (car, fringe benefits) - Such info usually indicates the importance of the job and responsibility - Managers are selected not for intelligence or knowledge, but for personal social and leadership skills - Main personal qualities required – energy, communication, motivation - The tone of job ads is very racy (напористый) France: - Vague about salary and other material incentives, but precise about qualifications - The importance of the job and responsibility is given by the level of experience and education demanded (so that the salary may be correspondingly assumed) - Usually demand a degree in particular field and sometimes even a list of institutions (grands ecoles) - Managers are mostly selected for their general intelligence - Main personal qualities required are intellectual – analytical aptitude and independence - The tone of job ads is calm and boring, aimed to give info about the job Germany: - Vague about salary and other material incentives, but precise about qualifications - The importance of the job and responsibility is given by the level of experience and education demanded (so that the salary may be correspondingly assumed) - Usually demand a “degree in”, not simply “degree” - Managers are mostly selected for their expert knowledge in particular field - Main personal qualities required – achievement (less personality-driven), sound knowledge, experience, competence in their particular field - The tone of job ads is calm and boring, aimed to give info about the job
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