Exercise 13. Complete the sentences

Exercise 11. Match the verbs with their definitions.

Exercise 10. Match the following verbs with their synonyms.

Exercise 9. Give the English translation of the following words combinations.

Завідуючий підрозділом; визнання в усьому світі; виконувати кваліфікаційну роботу; лазер, що генерує випромінювання у безперервному режимі; речовина, що випромінює світло; лазер на склі з неодимом (Nd); одночасно; діодний напівпровідниковий лазер; лазер на вільних електронах; джерело світла; висока інтенсивність / потужність; вузький спектральний діапазон; знайшли широке застосування; що засновані на принципі мазера-лазера.

1.	to invent	a.	to find
2.	to repair	b.	to inform
3.	to receive	c.	to grant
4.	to announce	d.	to get bigger \ larger
5.	to demonstrate	e.	to get
6.	to propose	f.	to need
7.	to discover	g.	to devise
8.	to increase	h.	to offer
9.	to require	i.	to show
10.	to award	j.	to fix

	to announce	a	to produce or design sth that has not existed before
	to award	b	to become or to make sth greater in amount, number, value, etc.
	to demonstrate	c	to make an official decision to give sth to sb as a payment, prize, etc.
	to discover	d	to need sth; to depend on sb / sth
	to increase	e	to get or accept sth that is sent or given to you
	to invent	f	to be the first person to become aware that a particular place or thing exists
	to propose	g	to tell people sth officially, especially about a decision, plans, etc.
	to receive	h	to suggest a plan, an idea, etc. for people to think about and decide on
	to repair	i	to show sth clearly by giving proof or evidence
	to require	j	to restore sth that is broken, damaged or torn to good condition

Exercise 12. Compare these two similar sentences. Which one is true?

1. Ali Javan invented the first laser using a pink ruby medium.	1. Physicist Mainman invented the first laser using a pink ruby medium.
2. The first gas laser used helium and neon as the light emitting material.	2. The first gas laser used helium as the light emitting material.
3. The first semiconductor junction laser was demonstrated almost simultaneously by two companies.	3. The first semiconductor junction laser was demonstrated by IBM corporation.
4. Experiments requiring high intensities in narrow spectral regions can be made as well with lasers as with conventional light sources.	4. Experiments requiring high intensities in narrow spectral regions can only be made with lasers.

1. The laser period opens with ….

a. the achievement of gas laser c. the achievement of ruby laser

b. the achievement of molecular laser

2. It was … who invented the first operable laser.

a. Basov b. Townes c. Maiman

3. A laser invented by Ali Javan used … for the light emitting material.

a. ruby medium c. a mixture of helium and neon

b. a mixture of helium and nitrogen

4. In semiconductor lasers electrical energy … into highly monochromatic radiation.

a. is induced b. is converted c. is excited

5. The 1964 Nobel Prize was awarded to Townes, Basov and Prokhorov for

fundamental work in the field of ….

a. radioactivity b. quantum electronics c. wave optics

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