Management Skills

Переведите текст устно. Пользуйтесь пояснениями к тексту, словарем из

Чтение текста

Глаголы, после которых употребляется герундий.

Способы перевода сложных форм герундия.

Как показано в II, M3, L6, 8, герундий совмещает в себе признаки двух частей речи - существительного и глагола, поэтому он может иметь сложные отглагольные формы. Они переводятся придаточным предложением. Подробно эта тема будет рассматриваться в IV семестре. Сейчас обратите внимание на образцы перевода:

They discussed treating this disease at the hospital.

Они обсуждали лечение этого заболевания в больнице.

They discussed being treated for this disease at the hospital.

Они обсуждали то, как их лечат oт этого заболевания в больнице.

.

They discussed having treated this disease at the hospital.

Они обсуждали то, как лечили (сами)это заболевание в больнице.

They discussed having being treated for this disease at the hospital.

Они обсуждали то, как их лечили oт этого заболевания в больнице.

В русском языке после многих глаголов употребляется инфинитив:

Мне нравиться слушать эту музыку.

В английском языке такие глаголы делятся на две группы: 1) глагол + gerund;

2) глагол + (to) infinitive.

После следующих глаголов и выражений употребляется герундий:

like(нравиться) enjoy(наслаждаться) prevent from (мешать) insist on(настаивать) give up (бросать) be responsible for…(отвечать за)

love (любить) mind (возражать) avoid (избегать) go on (продолжать) be afraid of(бояться)

hate (ненавидеть) prefer(предпочитать) deny (отрицать) finish (заканчивать) be no use (бесполезно)

После следующих глаголов и выражений употребляется инфинитив:

would like(хотелось бы) decide (решать) plan (планировать) try(пытаться) refuse (отказываться)

want (хотеть) hope (надеяться) forget (забывать) promise (обещать) learn (учить, изучать)

need (нуждаться) expect (предполагать) seem (казаться) offer (предлагать) manage (справляться с)

После глаголов continue ( продолжать ), stop ( прекращать), begin ( начинать), start

( начинать ) употребляются как герундий, так и инфинитив.

11. Переведите предложения:

1. I prefer doing this work myself.

2. Do you mind opening the window?

3. He promised to help in organizing a conference.

4. You must give up smoking.

5. They managed to solve the problem in time.

6. It’s no use talking to them.

7. Do you enjoy watching TV?

8. Let’s start working.

9. Try to avoid working hard.

10. Mother insisted on consulting a doctor.

задания 6, грамматическими пояснениями из задания 7.

Найдите и переведите предложения с герундием, инфинитивом в роли обстоятельства цели.

Effectiveness of a manager’s activity depends on certain im­portant skills. These skills are divided into seven different cat­egories: conceptual, decision making, analytic, administrative, communicational, interpersonal and technical.

1. A conceptual skill is the ability of managers (mainly of top managers) to see the “general picture” of an organization, plan “super goals” and develop proper strategies. Managers of different levels must understand how their duties fit together to get the required results

2. A decision making skill is the ability of a manager to choose the best course of actions of two or more alternatives. In short, managers are responsible for the most important deci­sions which are required to carry out any organizational activity:

1) What objectives and goals must be reached?

2) What strategy must be implemented?

3) What resources must be used and how they must be distrib­uted?

4) What kind of control is needed?

3. An analytic skill is the ability to determine the most impor­tant problem of many other problems and identify the causes of each problem before implementing a proper action plan. This abil­ity is especially important for top managers because they have to solve complex problems.

4. An administrative skill is the ability of a manager to keep to the rules specified for the production process, within a limited budget, and coordinate the flow of information and paper work.

5. A communicational skill is the ability of manager to share his or her ideas and opinions with other people both orally and in writing. It enables managers to hold meet­ings, write clear letters and explanatory notes, make reports, etc. This skill is a decisive factor of a manager’s success. Some investigations show that top managers and middle line managers spend approximately 80% of their work ­time in communicating with each other.

6. An interpersonal skill (psychological skill) is the ability to deal effectively with other people both inside and outside the orga­nization. It is the ability to understand the needs and motives of other people. This skill is very important for a good psychological atmosphere and successful activity to implement the organizational plans.

7. A technical skill is a specific competence to accomplish a task. The lower is a manager’s level in the organization, the closer is his/her connection with the production process. Thus first-line managers have the closest connection with the production pro­cess. They need high technical skills to provide technical guidance for the subordinates. Top managers don’t need these skills as much as first-line managers but the knowledge of the technical sphere is useful for all the managers (2280)

Речевое упражнение

13. Согласитесь или не согласитесь со следующими утверждениями, используя следующие фразы:

That’s right (верно).

That’s wrong (неверно).

That’s not quite true. According to the text… Это не совсем верно. Согласно тексту…

1) Effectiveness of a manager’s activity depends on three different categories of skills.

2) The ability of managers to solve complex problems is a conceptual skill.

3) A conceptual skillhelps top managers develop proper strategies.

4) Choosing the best course of actions of two or more alternatives is a decision making skill.

5) An analytic skillis the ability to implement a proper action plan.

6) An administrative skillis the ability of a manager to hold meet­ings within a limited budget.

7) A decisive factor of a manager’s success is a communicational skill.

8) The ability to deal effectively with other people and understand the needs is a psychological skill.

9) Top managers need more technical skills than first-line managers.

Дата добавления: 2015-01-03