Lecture N1

Brief content of lectures

Methodical recommendations on studying discipline

The rate "Finance" represents a base subject matter in which features of one of the major components of an economic science – sciences about the finance are studied. "Finance" – the special discipline and its purpose – to provide theoretical and practical preparation of students in mastering financial categories, concepts, terms, their classification, value and a place in social and economic processes; problems of discipline is: studying of the nature of the finance, features of their functioning, opportunities of the mechanism of a category in effective development of a social production, achievement of understanding of interrelation and interaction of forms of the organization of the finance and methods of their application in concrete conditions of social and economic development of a society.

Studying of a rate assumes active use of operating economic practice on application of the market beginnings in economy and the finance. Therefore it is necessary to pay constant attention to occurring developments of market economy, analyzing and generalizing accumulated experience of development of market attitudes and their influence on the finance. For this purpose at development of a rate individual work of students, preparation of course works by them, participation with reports at student's conferences and other scientifically-practical actions are provided.

“Essence, functions and the role of finance”

The course “Finance” includes theoretical and practical aspects of use of a finance in economic process.

The subject of financial science - financial relations.

The object of finance is the financial resources- potential resources of the money incomes, accumulations and funds.

The subject of finance is the potential participants of the financial relations- economic agencies from different types of activity, forms of property, levels of management.

Finance emphasizes their material embodiment as target funds of money resources. Funds act as material carriers of financial relations.

Financial resources are formed by the economic subjects and state, with the help of financial methods, the money accumulation and money funds by manufacture, distribution and redistribution of a total public product and national income.

The financial resources can be considered in forms:

Ø Available

Ø Saved

Ø Potential

The financial resources are formed in the centralized and non-centralized order.

The important factor of growth of financial resources is increase of productivity of public work.

GROSS PUBLIC PRODUCT
c	v	m
Material costs	Necessary product	Additional product
COSTS
Amortization deductions	Working capital	Payments in structure of a material costs	National income
Deduction in social funds (social tax)	Net income
Taxes from the population Loans and contributions Voluntary payments	Indirect taxes (VAT, excises, others)
Payments for natural resources Payments for duties, licenses Admission fees Payment in funds of nature protection	Receipts from foreign trade activities
	Receipts from sale(privatization) of state property
Receipts from external sources(loans, transfers, grants)

Scheme 2.The structure of financial resources

Дата добавления: 2014-12-24