Указа. Ель имен 2 страница

19 Griswold R. Fatherhood in America. P. 204; Lasch C. Women and the Common Life. P. 94; Cowan R.S. More Work for Mother. The Ironies of Household Technology from the Open Hearth to the Microwave. New York: Basic Books, 1983. P. 216; Лернер цит. по: Skolnick A. Embattled Paradise. P. 115.

См., напр.: Ehrenreich В. The Hearts of Men. New York: Doubleday, 1983 (о «протесте мужчин» против статуса

кормильца). См. также: Kimmel M. Manhood in America (особенно гл. 7).

См.: Skolnick A. Embattled Paradise. P. 148.

America's Fathers and Public Policy / Ed. N.A.Crowell, E.M.Leeper. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press, 1994. P. 1.

Quindlen A. Men at Work // The New York Times. 1990. FebruarylS.

24 Coontz S. The Way We Really Are. P. 79; Skolnick A. The Intimate Environment. New York: HarperCollins, 1996. P. 342; Bruce J., Lloyd C.B., Leonard A. Families in Focus: New Perspectives on Mothers, Fathers, and Children. New York: The Population Council, 1995; Johnson D. More and More, the Single Parent Is Dad // The New York Times. 1996. March 27. P. A15.

25 Cherlin A. By the Numbers // The New York Times Magazine. 1998. April 5.

Hochschild A. (with A. Machung). The Second Shift: Working Parents and the Revolution at Home. New York: Viking, 1989. P. 258.

Footlick J.K. What Happened to the Family? // Newsweek. Special edition: The 21st Century Family. 1990.

Winter—Spring. P. 14.

Coltrane S. Family Man: Fatherhood, Housework and Gender Equity. New York: Oxford University Press, 1996. P.

203; см. также: Rubin L. Worlds of Pain. New York: Basic Books, 1976. R 131; Cherlin A. By the Numbers. P. 39.

29 Bernard J. The Future of Marriage. New York: World," 1972.

30 Gove WR. The Relationship between Sex Roles, Marital Status and Mental Illness // Social Forces. 1972. Vol. 51; Gove W, Hughes M. Possible Causes of the Apparent Sex Differences in Physical Health: An Empirical Investigation // American Sociological Review. 1979. Vol. 44; Gove W, Tudor J. Adult Sex Roles and Mental Illness // American Journal of Sociology. 1973. Vol. 73.

Бебин и статистика цит. по: Carey E. Kids Put a Damper on Marital Bliss: Study //Toronto Star. 1997. August 15.

P. A], A14.

32 Condry J., Condry S. Sex Differences: A Study in the Eye of the Beholder // Child Development. 1976. Vol. 47.

Lott B. Women's Lives: Themes and Variations in Gender Learning. Monterey, Calif: Brooks/Cole, 1987. См.

также: Schwartz L.A., Markham W.T. Sex Stereotyping in Children's Toy Advertisements // Sex Roles. 1985. Vol.

12; Ungar S.B. The Sex Typing of Adult and Child Behavior in Toy Sales // Sex Roles. 1982. Vol. 8.

34 Отчет об этом и других исследованиях см.: Jacklin С. Female and Male: Issues of Gender //American Psychologist. 1989. Vol. 44.

35 См., напр.: Thorne В. Boys and Girls Together... But Mostly Apart: Gender Arrangements in Elementary Schools

// Relationships and Development / Ed. W.Hartup, Z.Rubin. Hillsdale, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum, 1986.

3 См., напр.: Thorne В., Luria Z. Sexuality and Gender in Children's Daily Worlds // Social Problems. 1986. Vol.

33.

Thorne B. Gender Play. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 1993. P. 3.

38 Hochschild A. The Second Shift; Amato P., Booth A. Changes in Gender Role Attitudes and Perceived Marital Quality // American Sociological Review. 1995. Vol. 60.

Mainardi P. The Politics of Housework // Sisterhood Is Powerful / Ed. R.Morgan. New York: Vintage, 1970.

Баллард и Фут цит. по: Cowan R.S. More Work for Mother. P. 43; Кэмпбелл цит. по: Strasser S. Never Done: A History of American Housework. New York: Pantheon, 1982. P 62.

Johnson D. More and More, the Single Parent Is Dad. P. A15.

42 Coltrane S. Family Man. P. 46; Vannoy-Hiller D., Philliber W.W. Equal Partners: Successful Women in Marriage. Newbury Park, Calif.: Sage Publications, 1989. P. 115; Hochschild A. The Second Shift.

Hochschild A. Ideals of Care: Traditional, Postmodern, Cold-Modem and Warm-Modern // Social Politics. 1995.

Fall. P. 318.

Анна Куиндлен цит. по: Rhode D. Speaking of Sex. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1997. P, 8.

О привлечении мужчин к домашним обязанностям см.: Pleck J. Men's Family Work: Three Perspectives and Some New Data // The Family Coordinator. 1979. Vol. 28; Idem. American Fathering in Historical Perspective //

Changing Men: New Directions in Research on Men and, Masculinity / Ed. M.S.Kimmel. Beverly Hills, Calif.: Sage Publications, 1937; Idem. Working Wives/Working Husbands. Newbury Park, Calif: Sage Publications, 1985; Idem.

Families and Work: Small Changes with Big Implications // Qualitative Sociology. 1992. Vol. 15; Idem. Father Involvement: Levels, Origins and Consequences // The Father's Role / Ed. M.Lamb. 3rd ed. New York: John Wiley, 1997.

Press J., Townsley E. Wives' and Husbands' Housework Reporting: Gender, Class and Social Desirability // Gender

& Society. 1998. Vol. 12. № 2. P. 214.

Ladies Home Journal. 1997. September; Gray J. Domesticity, Diapers and Dad // Toronto Globe and Mail. 1996. June 15.

48 Usdansky M. White Men Don't Jump into Chores // USAToday. 1994. August 20; LawlorJ. Blue Collar Dads Leading Trend in Caring for Kids, Author

Says // The New York Times. 1998. April 15. 40

Цит. по: Coltrane S. Family Man. P. 162.

Adoption Symposium / Ed. A.Sullivan. Washington, D.C.: Child Welfare League of America, 1995. P. 5.

98 All Our Families. P. 8; Gay and Lesbian Parents / Ed. F.W.Bozett.

Stacey J. Gay and Lesbian Families: Queer Like Us // All Our Families. P. 135.

100 101

См.: Ibid.

Цит. no: Gelles R. The Violent Home. Beverly Hills, Calif.: Sage Publications, 1972. P. 14.

102 Bergman A., Larsen R., Mueller B. Changing Spectrum of Child Abuse // Pediatrics. 1986. Vol. 77.

Straus M., Gelles R., Steinmetz S. Behind Closed Doors: Violence in the American Family. New York: Anchor, 1981. P.

94; Straus M. Beating the Devil Out of Them. New York: Jossey-Bass, 1994.

Gelles R. Family Violence. Newbury Park, Calif.: Sage Publications, 1987. P. 165.

Skolnick A. The Intimate Environment, P. 426.

Harvard Men's Health Watch. 1998. № 2(11).

107 Demo D.H. Parent-Child Relations: Assessing Recent Changes // Journal of Marriage and the Family. 1990.

Vol. 54. № 1. P. 224.

108 Hochschild A. The Second Shift. P. 269.

no

Цит. по: Quindlen A. Men at Work.

Greeley A. The Necessity of Feminism // Society. 1993. September. P. 13-14.

Lasch C. Women and the Common Life. P. 119. Coltrane S. Family Man. P. 223-225.

Глава 7

1 Поскольку по этим делам я делал экспертизу для Отдела гражданских прав Министерства юстиции США, то

опираюсь здесь на собственный опыт.

^Rhode D. Speaking of Sex. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1997. P. 56.

3 Clarke E.C. Sex in Education, or A Fair Chance for the Girls. Boston: Osgood, 1873. P. 128, 137.

Ferrier W.W. Origin and Development of the University of California. Berkleley: University of California Press, 1930; см.

также: Sadker M., Sadker D. Failing at Fairness: How Schools Shortchange Girls. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1994.

P. 22.

5 Durant H. F. The Spirit of the College // Against the Tide: Pro-Feminist Men in the United States, 1776—1990, a Documentary History / Ed. M.S.Kimmel, Th.Mosmiller. Boston: Beacon Press, 1992. P. 132.

Mauasiey н. лех in Mind and in Education (1874] // Desire and Imagination: Classic Essays in Sexuality / Ed. R.Barreca.

New York: Meridian, 1995. P. 208-209.

Sadker M., Sadker D. Failing at Fairness. P. 14. Эти стереотипы иногда разрушаются при наложении на другие, например, на расовые; например, считается, что американки азиатского происхождения любят математику и

естественные предметы больше, чем белые девушки.

о

Karp D., Yoels W.C. The College Classroom: Some Observations on the Meanings of Student Participation // Sociology and Social Research. 1976. Vol. 60. № 4; How Schools Shortchange Girls: A Study of Major Findings on Girls and Education. Washington, D.C.: American Association of University Women, 1992. P. 68; Sadker M., Sadker D. Failing at Fairness. P. 5.

9 Sadker M., Sadker D. Failing at Fairness. P. 42—43. 10Orenstein P. Schoolgirls. New York: Doubleday, 1994. P. 11-12.

11 Weitzman L, Russo D. The Biased Textbook: A Research Perspective. Washington, D.C.: Research Center on Sex Roles and Education, 1974.

1 Weitzman L. et al. Sex Role Socialization in Picture Books for Preschool Children // American Journal of Sociology.

1972. Vol. 77. № 6.

13 Rhode D. Speaking of Sex. P. 56.

14 National Television Violence Study: In 2 vols. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage Publications, 1998. Vol. 2. P. 97.

15 Об IQ см.: Terman L., Oden M. The Promise ofYouth // Genetic Studies of Genius / Ed. L.Terman. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1935. О том, как девочек оценивают за внешность, а не за успехи, см.: Sadker M., Sadker D. Failing at Fairness. P. 55, 134. О принижении одаренных девочек см.: How Schools Shortchange Girls. P. 48; Кэролайн

Хейлбран цит. по: Orenstein P. Schoolgirls. P. 37.

16 Hostile Hallways: The AAUW Survey on Sexual Harassment in America's Schools. Washington, D.C.: American Association of University Women, 1993; Садлер цит. по: Sadker M., Sadker D. Failing at Fairness. P. 111.

17 Smolowe J. Sex with a Scorecard // Time. 1993..'.pril 5. P. 41; Gross J. Where «Boys Will Be Boys» and Adults Are Bewildered // The New York Times. 1993. March 29. P. Al.

18 Соммерс цит. по: Viadero D. Behind the Mask of Masculinity // Education Week. 1998. May 13; Томпсон цит. по: Combs M. What about the Boys? // Boston Globe. 1998. July 26; Koerner B. Wheri the Boys Aren't // U.S. News and World Report. 1999. February 8. P. 26. Подробнее об этой аргументации см.: Gurian M. The Wonder of Boys. New York: Jeremy Tarcher; Putnam, 1997. Несогласие с этой точкой зрения см. в рецензиях на книгу: Kimmel M. Boys to Men // San Francisco Chronicle. 1997. January 12; Idem. What about the Boys // Ms. 1999. October; Connell R.W.

Teaching the Boys // Teachers College Record. 1996. Vol. 98. № 2.

19 Gilligan C. In a Different Voice. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1982; Brown L.M., Gilligan C. Meeting at the Crossroads.

New York: Ballantine, 1992.

l5* 435

20 Поллак иит. по: Viadero D. Behind the Mask of Masculinity. См. также: Pollack W. Real Boys: Rescuing Our Sons from the Myths of Boyhood. New York: Random House, 1998.

21 Martino W. Masculinity and Learning: Exploring Boys' Underachievement and Under-representation in Subject English //Interpretation. 1994. Vol. 27. № 2; Idem. Boys and Literacy: Exploring the Construction of Hegemonic Masculinities and the Formation of Literate Capacities for Boys in the English Classroom // English in Australia.

1995. Vol. 112; Idem. Gendered Learning Experiences: Exploring the Costs of Hegemonic Masculinity for Girls and Boys in Schools // Gender Equity: A Framework for Australian Schools. Canberra: Publications and Public Communications, Department of Urban Services, ACT Government, 1997. Кэтрин Стимпсон иит. по: Lewin Т.

American Colleges Begin to Ask, Where Have All the Men Gone? // The New York Times. 1998. 6 December.

Martino W. Gendered Learning Experiences. P. 133—134.

7Я

Mac an Ghaill M. The Making of Men: Masculinities, Sexualities and Schooling. Buckinghamshire, England: Open University Press, 1994. P. 59; Gillborne D. Race, Ethnicity and Education. London: Unwin Hyman, 1990. P. 63; Coleman J. The Adolescent Society. New York: Harper and Row, 1961.

24 Цит. no: Kimmel M.S. The Struggle for Gender Equality: How Men Respond // Thought and Action: The NEA Higher Education Journal. 1993. Vol. 8. № 2.

Кеттел цит. по: O'Neit W. Divorce in the Progressive Era. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1967. P. 81; Chadwick F.E. The Woman Peril // Educational Review. 1914. February. P. 47 (цит. по: Sadker M., Sadker D. Failing at Fairness).

26 United States Department of Education, 1996.

Riordan C. The Future of Single-Sex Schools // Separated by Sex: A Critical Look at Single-Sex Education for Girls.

Washington, D.C.: American Association of University Women Educational Foundation, 1998. P. 54.

28 Orenstein P. Schoolgirls. P. 27.

Tidball E. Perspective in Academic Women and Affirmative Action // Educational Record. 1973.

Epstein C.F. Deceptive Distinctions. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1991.

Crosby F. et al. Taking Selectivity into Account, How Much Does Gender Composition Matter?: A Reanalysis of M.

E.Tidball's Research // National Women's Studies Association Journal. 1994. № 6; см. также: Epstein C.F. The Myths and Justifications of Sex Segregation in Higher Education: VMI and The Citadel // Duke Journal of Gender Law and Policy.

1997. № 4; Idem. Multiple Myths and Outcomes of Sex Segregation // New York Law School Journal of Human Rights.

1998. № 14.

Jencks C., Riesman D. The Academic Revolution. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1977. P. 298, 300; Riesman D. A Margin of Difference: The Case for Single-Sex Education // Social Roles and Social Institutions: Essays 436

in Honor of Rose Laub Coser / Eds. J.R.BIau, N.Goodman. Boulder, Colo.: Westview Press, 1991. Несмотря на свои

исследования, Д.Рисман поддерживал политику военных вузов.

Tavris C. The Mismeasure of Woman. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1992. P. 127; Priest R., Vitters A., Prince H. Coeducation at West Point // Armed Forces and Society. 1978. Vol. 4. № 4. P. 590.

4 Epstein C.F. Multiple Myths and Outcomes of Sex Segregation. P. 191.

Dewey J. Is Coeducation Injurious to Girls? // Ladies Home Journal. 1911. June 11. P. 60.

36 Higginson T.W. Sex and Education // The Woman's Journal. 1874. P. 1 (перепечатано в: History of Woman Suffrage: In 6

vols. / Eds. S.B.Anthony, E.C.Stanton. Rochester, N.Y.: National American Woman Suffrage Association Press, 1881-1922. Vol.

3).

37 IMI I. 766 Fed. Supp. P. 1435; VMI V. 116 S. St. 2264. См. также: Vojdik V.K. Girls' Schools after VMI: Do They Make the Grade? // Duke Journal of Gender Law and Policy. 1997. № 4. P. 85; Epstein C.F. Multiple Myths and Outcomes of Sex Segregation. P 108.

38 Faulkner v. Jones, 858 Fed. Supp. 552 1994; Citadel Defendants' Proposed Findings of Fact. P. 1434.

39 См.: Vojdik V.K. Girls' Schools after VMI. P. 76. (Как и всякий, кто начинал учиться в колледже для юношей, а

продолжал учебу в колледже смешанного обучения, я готов под присягой подтвердить, что мужчин в мужском классе

гораздо сильнее отвлекало отсутствие женщин, чем их присутствие в классе совместного обучения. Когда рядом нет

женщин, большинство молодых людей только о них и думают!)

40 Epstein C,F. Multiple Myths and Outcomes of Sex Segregation. P. 206.

41 IMI. 852. Fed. Supp. P. 484; The New York Times, 1994. 9 May.

42 U.S. v. Virginia Military Institute, 116 S. Ct. 2285.

43 Henry T. VMI Cadets of Both Sexes Found «Kit Line* Equal // USA Today. 1998. March 18, P. 8D.

44 Gorman M.O. Front and Center // Runner's World. 1998. March. P. 90.

45 Bowler M. All-Male, All-Black, All Learning // The Baltimore Sun. 1995. October 15; Estrich S. For Girls' Schools and Women's College, Separate Is Better // The New York Times. 1994. May 22.

46 Harlem Girls School vs. The Three Stooges // The New York Observer. 1998. March 30. P. 4.

47 Haag P. Single-Sex Education in Grades K-12: What Does the Research Tell Us? // Separated by Sex. P. 34; Lee V. Is Single-Sex Secondary Schooling a Solution to the Problem of Gender Inequity // Ibid. P. 43; Riordan C. The Future of Single-Sex Schools // Ibid. P. 53; Leslie C. Separate and Unequal? // Newsweek. 1998. March 23. P. 55; Кларк цит. по: Whitaker С. Do Black Males Need Special Schools? // Ebony. 1991. March. P. 18.

48 Sadker M., Sadker D. Failing at Fairness. P. 125-126.

35 Hartmann H. Capitalism, Patriarchy and Job Segregation by Sex // Signs. 1976. Vol. l.№ 3. P. 139.

36 Цит. по: Rhode D. Speaking of Sex. P, 144.

37 MacKinnon C. Sexual Harassment of Working Women. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1977.

38 Henson v. Dundee. 682 F 2d. 897. P. 902.

39 Crawford S. Sexual Harassment at Work Cuts Profits, Poisons Morale // Wall Street Journal. 1993. April 19. P.

llff; Stanko E. Intimate Intrusions. London: Routledge, 1985; Couric E. An NJL/West Survey, Women in the Law: Awaiting Their Turn //National Law Journal. 1989. December 11.

40 Neuborne E. Complaints High from Women in Blue Collar Jobs // USA Today. 1996. May 3-4.

41 De'Ann W Slow Healing at Mitsubishi // US News and World Report. 1997. September 22. P. 74, 76.

42 Rhode D. Speaking of Sex. P 28.

Цит. по: Stanko E. Intimate Intrusions. P. 61.

Crawford S. Sexual Harassment at Work Cuts Profits, Poisons Morale. P, llff.

Steinberg R. How Sex Gets into Your Paycheck. P. 2. 46 См.: Reskin В., Padavic I. Women and Men at Work.

Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Pine Forge Press, 1995.

Evans S., Nelson B. Wage Justice: Comparable Worth and the Paradox of Technocratic Reform. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1989. P. 13; Reskin B. Bringing the Men Back In. P. 21.

48 Цит. по: Rhode D. Speaking of Sex. P. 165, 169.

См., напр.: Schwartz F., Anders G. The Mami Track // Hispanic. 1993. July.

Steinberg R., Cook A. Policies Affecting Women's Employment in Industrial Countries // Women Working / Ed.

A.Stromberg, S.Harkess. Mountain View, Calif.: Mayfield, 1988. P. 326.

Mason K.O. Commentary: Strober's Theory of Occupational Sex Segregation // Sex-Segregation in the Workplace / Ed. B.Reskin. P. 169.

Crosby F. Spouse, Parent, Worker: On Gender and Multiple Roles. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1990; Peters J. When Mothers Work; Loving Our Children without Sacrificing Ourselves. New York: Addison Wesley, 1997.

Глава 9

Цит. по: Sherrod D. The Bonds of Men: Problems and Possibilities in Close Male Relationships // The Making of Masculinities: The New Men's Studies / Ed. H.Brod. Boston: Allen and Unwin, 1987, P. 230; цит. по: Rubin L. Intimate Strangers. New York: Harper and Row, 1983. P. 59.

I Wollstonecraft M. A Vindication of the Rights of Women [1792]. London: Penguin, 1969. P. 56; Beauvoir S. de.

The Second Sex. New York: Vintage, 1959. P. 142.

Tiger L. Men in Groups. New York: Vintage, 1969.

Balswick J. The Inexpressive Male: A Tragedy of American Society // The Forty-Nine Percent Majority / Ed.

D.David, R.Brannon. Reading, Mass.: Addison-Wesley, 1976; Komorovsky M. Blue Collar Marriage. New York: Vintage, 1964; Pleck J. The Male Sex Role: Definitions, Problems and Sources of Change //Journal of Social Issues.

1976. Vol. 32. № 3. P. 273.

5 Lewis R. Emotional Intimacy among Men // Journal of Social Issues. 1978. Vol. 34; см. также: Pleck J. The Male Sex Role. P. 273.

Wright P. Men's Friendships, Women's Friendships and the Alleged Inferiority of the Latter // Sex Roles. 1982. Vol.

8. № 1. P. 3; Levinson D. The Seasons of a Man's Life. New York: William Morrow, 1978. P. 335.

Cancian F. The Feminization of Love // Signs. 1986. Vol. 11; Idem. Love in America: Gender and Self-Development. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1987.

uBrehm S.S. Intimate Relationships. New York: Random House, 1985. P. 346.

Caldwell M., Peplau L. // Sex Differences in Same-Sex Friendships // Sex Roles. 1982. Vol. 8. № 7; Hess B.

Friendship // Aging and Society / Ed. M.Riley, M.Johnson, A.Foner. New York: Russell Sage, 1972.

Davidson L., Duberman L. Friendship: Communication and Interactional Patterns in Same-Sex Dyads // Sex Roles.

1982. \bl. 8. № 8. P. 817.

II Rubin L. Just Friends. New York: Harper and Row, 1985. P. 60-63; idem.

Intimate Strangers. P. 130, 135.

Brehm S.S. Intimate Relationships; Wright P. Men's Friendships, Women's Friendships and the Alleged Inferiority of the Latter; Davidson L., Duberman L. Friendship; Bell R. Worlds of Friendship, Beverly Hills, Calif.: Sage Publications, 1981.

Walker K. «I'm Not Friends the Way She's Friends»: Ideological and Behavioral Constructions of Masculinity in Men's Friendships // masculinities. 1994. Vol. 2. № 2. P. 228; Rubin L. Intimate Strangers. P. 104. Более подробно

о влиянии телефона см.: Fischer С. То Dwell among Friends. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1982.

Miller S. Men and Friendship. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1983.

Allen G. Friendship — Developing a Sociological Perspective. Boulder, Colo.: Westview, 1989. P. 66.

Wright P. Men's Friendships, Women's Friendships and the Alleged Inferiority of the Latter. P. 19.

Ashton N.L Exploratory Investigation of Perceptions of Influences on Best-Friend Relationships // Perception and Motor Skills. 1980. Vol. 50; Wall S., Pickert S.M., Paradise L.V. American Men's Friendships: Self-Reports on Meaning and Changes // The Journal of Psychology. 1984. Vol. 116.

18 Hacker H. Blabbermouths and Clams: Sex Differences in belt-Disclosure in Same-Sex and Cross-Sex Friendship Dyads // Psychology of Women Quarterly. 1981. Vol. 5. № 3.

19 Swain S. Men's Friendship with Women: Intimacy, Sexual Boundaries, and the Informant Role // Men's Friendships / Ed. P.Nardi. Newbury Park, Calif.: Sage Publications, 1992. P. 77, 84. Развернутый обзор

литературы на эту тему см.: Maccoby E., Jacklin С. The Psychology of Sex Differences. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1974.

20 Bank B. Friendships in Australia and the United States: From Feminization to a More Heroic Image // Gender & Society. 1995. Vol. 9. № 1. P. 96.

21 Cohen T.F. Men's Families, Men's Friends: A Structural Analysis of Constraints on Men's Social Ties // Men's Friendships / Ed. P.Nardi. P. 117; Allen G. Friendship — Developing a Sociological Perspective. P. 75.

22 Harris S. Black Male Masculinity and Same Sex Friendships // The Western Journal of Black Studies. 1992. Vol.

16. № 2. P. 77; Simmons M. The Truth about Male Friendships // Men's Lives / Ed. M.Kimmel, M.Messner.

Boston: Allyn and Bacon, 1997.

Harris S. Black Male Masculinity and Same Sex Friendships. P. 78, 81; см. также: Franklin C.W. «Hey Home» —

«Yo, Bro»: Friendship among Black Men // Men's Friendships / Ed. P.Nardi.

24 Reid H.M., Fine G.A. Self-Disclosure Men's Friendships: Variations Associated with Intimate Relations //

Men's Friendships / Ed. P.Nardi; Tschann J. Self-Disclosure in Adult Friendship: Gender and Marital Status Differences // Journal of Social and Personal Relationships. 1988. Vol. 5; Wright P. Men's Friendships, Women's Friendships and the Alleged Inferiority of the Latter. P. 16-17.

25 Rubin L. Intimate Strangers. P. 150, 154.

Suttles G. Friendship as a Social Institution // Social Relationships / Ed. G.McCall et al. Chicago: Aldine, 1970. P. 116.

27 Miller S. Men and Friendship. P. 2—3; Rubin L. Intimate Strangers.

P. 103.

?ft

Об этом эксперименте см.: Faderman L. Surpassing the Love of Men.

New York: Columbia University Press, 1981; цит. по: Swain S. Covert Intimacy: Closeness in Men's Friendships // Men's Friendships / Ed. P.Nardi. P. 83—84.

29 Nardi P., Sherrod D. Friendship in the Lives of Gay Men and Lesbians // Journal of Social and Personal Relationships.

1994. Vol. 11; Rubin L. Intimate Strangers. P. 105.

Цит. no: Rubin L. Intimate Strangers. P. 130.

Nardi P. The Politics of Gay Men's Friendships // Men's Lives / Ed. M.Kimmel, M.Messner. P. 250.

32 Rubin L. Intimate Strangers. P. 58, 159, 205.

33 Sherrod D. The Bonds of Men. P. 231.

34 Rubin L. Intimate Strangers. P. 206.

Friendships: Male Intimacy and Middle-Class Youth in the Northern United States, 1800-1900 //Journal ofSocial History.

1989. Vol. 23. № I. P. 21.

36 М.Фуко цит. по: Men's Friendships / Ed. P.Nardi. P. 184; Segal L. Slow Motion: Changing Masculinities, Changing Men. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 1990. P. 139.

Stone L. Passionate Attachments in the West in Historical Perspective // Passionate Attachments: Thinking about Love /

Ed. W.Gaylon, E.Person. New York: The Free Press, 1988. P. 33; Cancian F. Love in America. P. 70.

1Я

Stone L. Passionate Attachments in the West in Historical Perspective. P. 28.

Stone L. Passionate Attachments in the West in Historical Perspective. P. 32; Gordon M., Bernstein M.C. Mate Choice and Domestic Life in the Nineteenth-Century Marriage Manual // Journal of Marriage and the Family. 1970.

November. P. 668-669.

Goode W.J. The Theoretical Importance of Love // American Sociological Review. 1959. Vol. 24. № 1.

41 Цит. по: Cancian F. Love in America. P. 19, 21, 23; см. также: Ryan M. The Cradle of the Middle Class: The Family in Oneida County, N.Y, 1790-1865. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1981.

42 Cancian F. Love in America. P. 121;TavrisC. The Mismeasure of Women. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1992.

P. 263; Rubin L. Intimate Strangers.

43 Rubin L. Worlds of Pain. New York: Basic Books, 1976. P. 147.

44 Hatfield E. What Do Women and Men Want from Love and Sex // Changing Boundaries / Ed. E.Allegier, N.McCormick. Mountain View, Calif.: Mayfield, 1983.

45 Kephart W. Some Correlates of Romantic Love // Journal of Marriage and the Family. 1967. Vol. 29; Dion K., Dion K. Correlates of Romantic Love // Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. 1973. Vol. 41; Hill C., Rubin Z., Peplau L.A. Breakups before Marriage: The End of 103 Affairs // Divorce and Separation: Context, Causes and Consequences / Ed. G.Levinger, O.C.Moles. New York: Basic Books, 1979; Hobau C. Disillusionment in Marriage and Romanticism // Marriage and Family Living. 1958. Vol. 20; Idem. The Incidence of Romanticism during Courtship // Social Forces. 1958. Vol. 36; Knox D., Spoakowski J. Attitudes of College Students Toward Love // Journal of Marriage and the Family. 1968. Vol. 30; Theodorson G. Romanticism and Motivation to Marry in the United States, Singapore, Burma and India // Social Forces. 1965. Vol. 44.

Dion K., Dion K. Correlates of Romantic Love; Rubin Z. Measurement of Romantic Love // Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 1970. Vol. 16. № 2; Hochschild A. Attending to, Codifying and Managing Feelings: Sex Differences in Love: Paper presented at the annual meetings of the American Sociological Association, August 1975; Kanin E., Davidson K., Scheck S. A Research Note on Male-Female Differentials

in the Experience of Heterosexual Love // Journal of Sex Research. 1970. Vol. 6. P. 70.

47 Hill C., Rubin Z., Peplau L.A. Breakups before Marriage.

48 Kephart W. Some Correlates of Romantic Love.

49 Sprecher S-, Aron E., Hatfield E., Cortese A., Potapova E., Levitskaya N. Love: American Style, Russian Style, Japanese Style: Paper presented at the Sixth Annual Conference on Personal Relationships, Orono, Maine, 1992.

50 Из личного общения с Кэти Гринблат; результаты этого исследования еше не опубликованы.

51 Tavris С. The Mismeasure of Women. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1992. P. 284.

Cancian E The Feminization of Love. P. 705, 709. Rubin L. Just Friends. P. 41.

Глава 10

1 Жюль Мишле цит. по: Gardetto D.C. The Social Construction of the Female Orgasm, 1650-1890: Paper presented at the annual meetings of the American Sociological Association, Atlanta, 1988. P. 18.

2 Цит. по: Ehrenreich В., English D. For Her Own Good: 150 Years of Medical Advice to Women. New York: Anchor, 1974.

3 Kinsey A., Pomeroy W., Martin C. Sexual Behavior in the Human Female. Philadelphia: W.B.Saunders, 1953. P. 376.

4 Bart P. Male Views of Female Sexuality: From Freud's Phailacies to Fisher's Inexact Test: Paper presented at the Second National Meeting of the special section of Psychosomatic Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Biscayne, Florida, 1974. P. 6-7.

5 Rubin L. Erotic Wars. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1991. P. 28, 42.

6 MacKinnon C. Only Words. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1996. P. 185.

7 См.: Sanders S., Reinisch J.M. Would You Say You «Had Sex» If... // JAMA 281. 1999. January 20.

8 Reynaud E. Holy Virility. London: Pluto Press, 1983. P. 41.

9 См., напр.: Tavris С. The Mismeasure of Woman. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1992; Lerner H. Women in Therapy.

New York: Harper and Row, 1989. Chap. 2.

loLaumann E.,GagnonJ., Michael R., Michaels S. The Social Organization of Sexuality. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1994.

11 Ibid. P. 135.

12 Kimmel M., Plante R. Sexual Fantasies and Gender Scripts: Heterosexual Men and Women Construct Their Ideal Sexual Encounters: Unpublished

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