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I have a headache (toothache/ terrible pain in the spleen). 1 страница
IX. Beowulf Swa sceal geong guma gode gewyrcean, in mægþa gehwære man geþeon. þenden wordum weold wine Scyldinga; beaga bryttan, on bearm scipes, billum ond byrnum; him on bearme læg þe hine æt frumsceafte forð onsendon ænne ofer
X.Thureth Ic eom halgungboc; healde hine dryhten Gemyndi is he mihta gehwylcre and he sceal ece lean ealle findan
11. Давньоанглійські розмовні формули Gretingas and Lytel Spræc/ Greetings and Small Talk
Ic hæbbe heafodece (toþwærc/ atolicne miltewærc). ich HÆB-be HEA-fod-e-che (TOTH-wærk/ A-to-lich-ne MIL-te-wærk).
On þæm Markte/ At the Market
Greetings
Forms of Address
Introductions
Interjections (betwuxaworpennyss)
Reply Headers Useful when quoting previous messages (e.g. using the 'Reply' function in e-mail):
Useful Connectives / Miscellaneous
¨ 12. Словник (Староанглійська – сучасна англійська мови)
A acolian, wv. 2—to cool; denom, fr, col (s.) acolmod, adj.— of a fearful mind, timid; acol, adj.— frightened 4- mod (s.) acsian, ahsian, w v. 2— to ask; ME asken, ād, n. m. a— funeral pile, pile a-lecgan, wv. 1 —to lay; a+lecgan (s.) alighten, v .— to alight, de-cend, make tight; an, num.—one; ME on, o, an and, con/.—and, along with, if andefn, n. n. a—equality, measure; and, prp.-1-efn (s.) andZit, n. n. a—understanding, intellect, knowledge; Zietan (s. besietan) andswarian, andswerian, ul'v. 2— to answer; andswaru, n.f. о —answer; ME andsware, ondswere, anawerelire/. andwyrdan, wv. 1— to answer; denom., fr. andwyrde=and+word, n, n. a Angelcynn, n. n. (—the Angles— Englishmen; Angel, Angle+cynn (s.) anginn, angyn, n. n. a—a beginning; an, on+ginn... (ginnan) (s, onginnan) aras—s. a-risan a-risan, s w.1 — to arise auisen, L-.—to take thought, reflect aungel, n.—angeil Lat. angelus avenlure, n.— chance, occurrence; risk, chance of danger; exciting occur-гепсе awappen, v.— to astonish; orig. unknown awhaped—s. awappen awendan, wv, 1— to turn away, change, translate; s. wendan æfre, adv.— ever; ME ever, efre (a—in—feorh) æfter, prp. —after, along; ME aii.er aeftra, adj— next; comp. of sefter æZþег, prn.— either, each, both; ME either, aither (a-sihwce'fier) æ3þer зе... 3е.. -, con/. — both... and æZhwæm, prn., dat. pi. of aeshwa (гез—any—hwa)—any æZhwylc, prn.— everyone, everything æ1с, ælch(e) prn.—each; æld— s. eald æniZ, æneZ, prn.—any ær - before ætlicZan, sv. 5— to lie still, idle
B
ba, num. —both; s. BeZen baþ, n.n.a—bath; ME bath bathen, v. —to bathe; OE banian; bæc, n.n. a—back; ME bac bærnan, beornan, biornan, sw. 3, Ir/int —to burn; ME bernen, brennen be, bi, prp. —by, near, to; for, because of; about, concerning; bead— s. beodan bearn, n.n.a —child; ME barn beatan, su. 7, p.t. beot—to beat, strike; ME beaten, beten bebeodan, sw. 2— to enjoin; make a will; s. beodan bec—s. boc becuman, sv. 4 —to come, arrive, reach; ME becomen, bee, n. —a bee; OE beo befæstan, befestan, wv. 1—to fasten; establish; commend; be+fæstan (s.) befeallan, sv. 7—to fall; to fall off; s. feallan befeolan, sv. 4— to commit, deliver, grant; be+feolan bеаZ, beah, n.m.a.—ring, bracelet, collar; ME beah bēZ—s. bеаз, beah bеZеn prn., т.; -both be-Zitan, beZietan, sv. 5— to get, acquire; ME begeten, yeten begnornian, wv. 2— deplore, mourn; beodan, sv. 2— to bid, command; proclaim; offer, give; ME beden, beoden, bieden; bedden, shows influence of bidden—to offer, to command; later merges with bidden (MnE bid) beon, irr. suppl. v.— beo, bist, biþ; p.t. wæs, wæron—to be; beorht, ad].— bright, sihining; ME briht Russ. береза, береста beornan, biernan, byrnan, su. 3— to burn, be on fire beoþan, beoþun—are, s. beon beran, su. 4— to bear, carry; produce, bring forth; endure, suffer; bet, adv.— better; rather... than betæcan v.— to show; commit, put in trust; s. taecan betæhte—s. betæcan beten—s, beatan bicgan, bycgan, p.t. bohte, wv. irr. 1— to buy; ME buggen, byen bidan, sv. /—to wait; ME biden; biddan, sv. 5—to ask, pray, beseech; ME bidden—pray, beg; command; bifallen, v.— to happen, chance; s. befeallan bindan, sv. 3— to bind bineoþan, biniþап, prp. —beneath, under bisceop, biscop, biscep, n.m.a— bishop; bio, byo—s. beon boc, n.f.cons,—book; bocere, n.m.a— learned man; bothe—s. ba brad, adj.— broad, wide; brak—s. brecan bræþ, n .m. i.—breath; ME breeth, breth, breath breath, breeth, n,—breath; brecan, sv. 4— to break; ME breken bread, п.п.а—bit, morsel; ME bread, bred, breZdan, sv. 3— to move, weave, vibrate; ME breiden breZer— dat. sing. Of b гоþоr (s.) brycg, bricg, n.f.o—bridge; ME brigge, brugg bright—s. beorht brinZan, p.t. brohte, vsv. irr. 1 —to bring; ME bringen broyded—s. BreZdan broþor, n.m.r— brother; ME brother brouh—s. brucan brucan, sv. 2 —to use, to enjoy; ME bruken buan, irr.v. —bude, 3ebūn—to dwell; ME buen bude—s. buan bufan, prp., adv.— above; buZan, sv. 2— to bow, bend; surrender; ME bowen, bo5en| burh, burZ, n.f.cons., dat. Byri3— fortress, castle, town burZware, n.f.o (col.) —citizens of a town, country; ME burhware butan, buton, prp., con/.—l) without; 2) except, unless
C
cas, caas, n.— event, chance, state, condition; casten, u.— to cast, throw; superseded OE weorpan causen, v.— to cause; der. ir. cause, n. Lat. causa ceap, n .m.a —cattle; sale, bargain, business, market; ME chep, n.— purchase, bargain;. ceapian, wv. 2— to buy, purchase; ME cheapien, cheapen; MnE cheap ceapstow, n.f.wo— marketplace; s. ceap, stow cearu, n.f. o care, sorrow, grief; ME care ceosan, s.v 2—to choose; ME chesen, cheosen; cepan, wv 1—to keep, guard, observe сере þing, n. pi.— merchandise; cep-setl, n.n.a— toll booth; сер, ceap (s.)—setl+seat; rel. to sittan cild, n.n.es— child; ME child n.n.es —child cynedom, n.m.a—reign, kingdom; cynerice, n.n. ja— kingdom; cyning, n.m.a— king; ME kining, cynn, n.n.ja —sort, kind; race, family; nation (cf. Angelcynn) сyре, a dj. —slave; cype cniht—a bought slave; s. ceap, cneoht cypemann, n.m.cons. —merchant; s. ceap, mann cyrce, cyrice, cir(i)ce, n.f.n— church; ME chirche, churche, суðаn, wv 1to make known, proclaim, announce; ME сиđеп clæne, adj. —clean; ME klene clæþian, wv. 1 —to clothe clerk, n.~ clerk, clergy man, scholar clowd, n.— cloud; in OE rock, hill; OE clūd, n.n.a cnawan, cneow, sv. 7 — to know; ME knowen cneoht, cniht, n.m.a—boy, youth; man of arms; ME knight col. adj. —cool; ME col colur, n. —coIour com — s. cuman companye, n. —company, group con—s. Cunnan corage, n. —spirit, nature; purpose, bravery corn, n.n.a—corn; ME corn cræft, n.m.a—power, might; art, skill; trade; knowledge; cunning; any snip; ME craeft, craft; creature, n—creature crien, v.— to cry; call out crop, n.— crop; OE crop, n.m.a cu, n.f.cons., pl. суn—cow cuman, sv. 4, p.t. com, comon—to come, arrive; ME comen, cumenl cunnan, v. prt.-prs., p.t. cann, cunnon, ptple cūđe—can, to be able; to know; ME cunnen—to be able; to know cwen, n.f. i—woman; wife; queen cwet—s. cweþan cweþan, sv. 5—to say, speak; ME cweđen; MnE bequeathe
D
daZus—s. dæZ dæZ, daZas, n.m.a—day; ME day, dai dæl, n. n i—dale, valley; ME dale dæl, n.m.i— part; part of speech in grammar; deal dead, adj.—dead; deaþ n.m.a—death; deman, wv 1—to deem; judge; give one's opinion; denisc, ad}.— Danish depe—s. deop adj—deep; ME dep, deep desport, n.— disport, pastime; sport; ME amusement, sport, liveliness: docga, n.m.n —dog; ME dogge; displaced the former hund doghter—s. dohtor dohtor, n.f.r— daughter; ME doghter dōm, n.m.a— judgement; decree; law; command; power; dignity; free will, choice; ME dom, dome, doom; MnE doom don, irr. v., p.t. dyde, piple Zedōn—to do, perform, make, cause; dor, n.n.a— door, a large door; ME dor, door doutte, rt.— doubt, uncertainty, fear dream, n.m.a— 1) Joy, pleasure, mirth; 2) what causes mirth—a musical instrument; ME dremen (to rejoice) dream-leas, adj. — joyless, sad drifan, sv. /—to drive, force, pursue; ME dryven, driven dryft, n.— driven snow; course, direction; driving or being driven; MnE drift dryZe, adj.— dry; ME drie; hence druZian—to dry; dru3aþ—droughft driht-Zuma, n.m.n —a warrior drihten, n.m.a—lord, creator, judge; ME drihten rel, to dreoZan, sv. 2—to accomplish, carry through, suffer. drincan, sv. 3—to drink; ME drinken, durran, v. prt.-prs., prs. t. dearr, durron, p.t. dorste—dare, presume duru, n.f.n—door; ME dure, dor, dwellan, wu. irr. 1 —to lead astray; delay; ME dwellen—to stay
E
ea, n.f.cons.— water; a river; eac, conj.— also, moreover; ME eac, ec, eke; eadiZ, adj. —happy, upright; еаZе, n n n—еуе; ME eye eahta. num.— eight eald, adj., сотр. yldra, sup. yldest—old, ancient; great eall, adj.— all; ealweZ, adv.— always, quite; earm, n.m.a— arm; ME arm, aerm east, n.m.a—east; ME est, eest, aest eastan, estan, a du.— from the East; s. east ec = eac (s.) ecg, n. f.jо:—edge, blade, sword; ME ecge, egge efn, adv.—even efne, adv.— even; precisely; exactly; s. efn, adj. efstan, wv. 1 —to hasten, hurry; denom. fr. ofost—hurry eft, adv.— again; ME eft, efte effer—s. aefter ende, n.n.Ja—end; ME ende englisc, adj.— English; eny—any; s æniZ eode— s. gan eorþe, n.f.o:—earth.Mf erthe eow, oiw—you; ME eow, уои eower prn.—your erly, adj., adv.—early espye, v.—to descry, notice; est—s. east estan, a dv.— from the East etan, su. 5— to eat, ME eten, ete everich—every; s. aefre, æ1с excusen, wv.— to ехcuse
F
fæder, n.m.r— father; faran, sv. 6—to go, to travel; ME faren, fæZer, adj. —fair, beautiful fæst, ud/.—fast, firm fæstan, wv 1— to fasten fea, feawa, adj.— few; ME fewe fealdan, sv. 7, p.t. feold—to fold, wrap; give way, alter feallan sv 7, p.t. feoll—to fall; ME failen fela, fæla, feala, adj., adv.— many; very much; felan, wv. /—to feel; ME fele, felen felawe, fellawe, n.— fellow, partner felawshipe, n.m.a— fellowship; feld, n.n.a— field; ME feld felen—s. felan feo, feoh, n.n.a —cattle; money, value, fee, reward; property; ME fee, feohan, sv. 5—to rejoice feohtan, su. 3—to fight; ME fehten, fihten feond, fiend, n.m.nd—enemy, ME feond, feend, fiend; feor, adv.—far, ME ferre, feor feorran, adv. —far off, from far feower, num.—four; ME foure feowertiZ, пит.— forty fif -five fiftene, fiftyne, num.— fifteen; fiftiZ, num.—fifty; fil, p.t, of fallen—s. teallan fyliþ, v., 3rd prs.—s. feallan findan, sv. 3 - to find; ME finden, fynden, fierd, fyrd, n.f.i—army fisc, n.m.a (pi. fiscas, fixas)—Fish; lat- piscis folc, n.n.a— folk, people, tribe folZian, fylZan, wv. 2 —to follow; ME folwen folye, n.—folly folk—s. folc foresprecan, sv. 5 —to foretell foreswiZian, wv. 2— to pass over in silence, to be silent; foreweard, adj., adv.— forward forhwæZa, adv.— at least forlætan, sv. 7— to leave; omit; forgive; foron—s. faran forwiernan, w.v. /—to prevent forwyrcan, w. v. 1 irr. —to do wrong forþ, adv.— completely, away, forth forðan, forðām, coni.— for that, for that reason which, because forþgenge, adj.— progressive, increasing, effective fremman, wv. 1—to advance, make, do, perform; ME fremmen freo, frio, cdf.—free; ME free, fre
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