Reading of English consonant clusters

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English sibilants and interdental sounds which don’t have their equivalents in the Latin alphabet are denoted by combinations of consonants, the second element of which is “h”, e. g. she, chain, thus, three.

All the combinations of consonants, except “ sh ”, have the primary and the secondary sound meanings. The combinations of consonants are read in the primary sound meaning in most English words. In the words of foreign origin they are read in their secondary meaning.

cluster	sound	where	examples
ch	[t∫] [k] [∫] [d3]	Geek and Latin French	cheap, chair ache, school machinery, chef sandwich, spinach
th	[θ] [t] [ð]	word end and beginning proper names between and before vowels	throw, tooth Thomas, Thailand this, leather
ph	[v] [f]	Greek and Latin	Stephen philosophy, phonetics
sh	[∫]		shelf, wash

Reading of “ng, nk”

cluster	sound	where	Examples
ng	[ŋ]	In final position or before suffixes –er, -est, -ed, -ing	Sing, singing, singer
ng	[ŋg]	In the middle of a root word	Anger, hunger but angel, conglomerate, congratulate
nk	[ŋk]	Any position	Ink, pink

READING OF LETTER “n”

The leter “n” denotes:

[n] in prefixes – con, - non, - in, -un (income, nonsense, confident, unread)

[ŋ] before: c, k ([k] function, tank), ck, qu ([k] conquer, ancker), xi ([k∫] anxious), g ([g] England, longer), the suffixes and endings –er, -est, -ed, -ing (sing, singer, singing)

Ex. 1 Read the words with letter “n”:

condition tranquil non-stop confidential constant cleanest

hank infamous unbroken conquer singing interrupt

hang anxious lighting fore-finger unconscious inkpot

Ex. 2 Transcribe the following words and divide them into groups according to the reading of the combinations:

linked, wings, inkpot, jungle, anxious, mounting, singer, single, anger, anxious, nonsense, eating, finger, income, function, conquer, having, confident, eaten, English, concentration, nonplus, indirect, frank, hanger, linked, wings, jungle, anxious, mounting, condition, nonunion, invisible, tank, function, belonged, nice, can't, sing, incredible, land, giant, pane, strong, bringing, long, banker.

Ex. 3 Find the odd word:

1. jungle, nonsense, Frank, sorting, single.

2. uneasy, nonplus, convention, English, irritation.

3. ring, tongue, boring, chunk, conversion.

4. dinner, convenient, nonstop, involve, undid.

5. unclaimed, nonsense, link, inhale.

6. finger, hang, frank, stronger.

7. singer, hanger, belonged, doing.

Ex. 4 Add the word according to the rule:

1. informal, non-aggression, unable,...

2. tank, frank, hank,...

3. longer, stronger, younger,...

4. sung, wing, finger,...

5. consult, industry, indulge,...

6. stinks, tank, inkpot,...

7. boring, sorting, lying,...

Ex. 5 Explain the rules of reading in these proverbs:

1. What is done cannot be undone.

2. Wars the sport of kings.

3. He who swims in sin will sink in sorrow.

4. The proof of the pudding is in the eating.

5. Better unborn than untaught.

6. Honey is sweet but the bee stings.

Ex.6 Find the odd word according to the way of the reading of consonant clusters:

1. accept, success, soccer, accede, access, accent.

2. anchor, young, conquer, conclude, function.

3. think, thunder, throne, thyme, thick, thing.

4. chaos, chord, stomach, monarchy, chaste.

5. tooth, scythe, truth, thumb, throw, thin.

6. go, gargle, gage, glove, stage, give.

7. chef, chic, champagne, charade, chick.

Дата добавления: 2015-05-31