Introductory Verbs

Different Introductory Verbs can be used instead of “say” or “tell”. Study the following table and pay attention to different constructions used after certain verbs:

Introductory Verb	Direct Speech	Reported Speech
agree + to-inf offer promise refuse threaten	"Yes, I'll help you." "Shall 1 open the door?" "Of course I'll pay” "No, 1 won't go with you.” "Stop crying or I'll punish you."	He agreed to helpme. Heoffered to openthe door. He promised to payme. Herefused to gowith us. He threatened to punishme if 1 didn't stop crying.
advise + sb + to-inf ask beg command invite order remind warn	"You should see a lawyer." "Could you help me?" "Please, please don't hurt her!" "Stand to attention!" "Will you have dinner with me?" "Leave the cat alone!" "Don't forget to ring Ann." "Don't go near the rocks."	He advisedme to seea lawyer. He askedme to helphim. He begged me not to hurther. Hecommandedthe soldiers to standto attention. He invitedme to (have)dinner with him. She orderedme to leavethe cat alone. She remindedme to ringAnn. He warned me not to gonear the rocks.
admit + gerund accuse sb of apologise for boast of/about complain to sb of deny insist on (say one) prefers suggest	"Yes, I told her the secret." "You took the money." "I'm sorry I arrived so late." "I'm the fastest of all." "I have a toothache." "I didn't take the book." "You must come with us." "I'd rather do it myself." "Let's have a party."	He admitted (to) telling/having toldher the secret. He accused me of taking/having takenthe money. He apologised for arriving/having arrivedso late. He boasted of/about beingthe fastest of all. He complained to me of havinga toothache. He denied taking/having takenthe book. He insisted onme/my goingwith them. He said he preferred doing/to doit himself. He suggested havinga party.
agree + that-clause complain deny explain exclaim/remark promise suggest	"Yes, it's a big house." "You're always lying to me." "I didn't take that book." "That's why I didn't take it." "What a sunny day it is!" "Of course I'll help you." "You'd better see a doctor."	He agreed thatit was a big house. He complained thatI was always lying to him. He denied thathe had taken the book. He explainedto me why/thathe hadn't taken it. He exclaimed/remarkedthat it was a sunny day. He promised thathe would help me. He suggested thatI (should) see a doctor.

Note: admit, advise, boast, insist, threaten, warn, remind can also be followed by a that-clause in Reported speech.

6.1 First write the appropriate introductory verb then report the following situations:

1. "You should go to bed." – advise – He advised me to go to bed.

2. "Please, please don't leave me."

3. "Do it now!"

4. "No, I did not kill him."

5. "Oh, alright. I'll do the washing-up."

6. "Don't forget to take the dog out."

7. "Everybody, stand up now!"

8. "No, I will not give you my money."

9. "Could I use your phone?"

10. "I'm sorry I shouted at you."

6.2 Turn the following sentences into Reported Speech using different reporting verbs:

advise, invite, offer, promise, refuse, remind, warn + to-infinitive

apologise for, insist on, suggest + gerund

agree, announce, boast, claim, concede + that-clause

1. 'We're going to get married in June,' she said. – She announced that they were going to get married in June.

2. 'Don't go near that dog,' she told him.

3. After the meal, he said, 'Please don't argue – I'm going to pay.'

4. 'I'm sorry I didn't write,' she said.

5. 'Would you like to come round for dinner on Friday evening?' he asked them.

6. 'I think you should give up smoking,' the doctor said to her.

7. 'Alright, yes, I was wrong and you were right,' he said.

8. 'Yes, I'll write every week,' she said.

9. 'Shall I carry that suitcase for you?' she said.

10. 'How about going to the theatre on Saturday?' he said.

11. 'The newspaper report's not true,' said the Prime Minister.

12. 'Don't forget to post that letter,' she said to him.

13. 'Yes, it was a difficult exam,' the teacher said.

14. 'No, I won't give you a pay rise,' the manager told her.

15. ‘My parents have got three cars,’ she said.

6.3 Report the following using an appropriate introductory verb from the list below:

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