I. Read and translate the text. IX. Write down sentences with the following idioms

IX. Write down sentences with the following idioms.

VIII. Write down the forms of the irregular verbs.

VII. Translate the following sentences into English.

1. Экономика изучает вопросы, связанные с производством и обменом товаров.

2. Она анализирует тенденции в изменении цен, выпуске товаров и незанятости рабочей силы.

3. Экономика показывает, как люди должны использовать скудные и ограниченные ресурсы, чтобы производить товары.

4. Она объясняет, как распределять товары среди различных слоев населения.

5. Предметом изучения экономики являются деньги, банковское дело и капитал.

6. Страны всегда экспортировали одни товары и импортировали другие.

To rise, to be, to cut, to win, to take, to sell, to put, to go, to buy, to do.

1. Want is the mother of industry- Нужда – мать усердия (Голь на выдумки хитра)

2. A golden opportunity – прекрасный случай, блестящая возможность;

Opportunity seldom knocks twice. Счастливый случай редко приходит дважды.

UNIT 2

MARKET

Demand. It is commonly observed that the quantity of goods that people will buy at one time depends on its price. The higher the price charged for an article, the less people will be willing to buy. And the lower its market price, the more units of an article will be in demand.

Thus there exists at any one time a definite relationship between the market price of goods and the quantity demanded of that goods. When the price of a commodity is raised (and other things are held constant) buyers tend to buy less of the commodity. Similarly, when the price is lowered, quantity demanded increases.

Example. When the price of personal computers was sky-high, only the richest people could afford them. As the price of personal computers began to fall, more and more people found them worthwhile – for work, for school, or for fun.

Supply Schedule and Supply Curve. By supply we mean the quantity of goods that businesses willingly produce and sell. More precisely, we relate the quantity of goods that is supplied to its market price, holding other things equal, such as cost of production, the prices of substitute goods, and the organization of the market.

The supply schedule of a commodity means the relationship between its market price and the amount of that commodity that producers are willing to produce and sell.

Supply-and-demand analysis shows how market mechanisms deal with the triad of economic problems: what, how and for whom.

Many factors lie behind the demand relationship for an entire market: average family incomes, population, the prices of related goods, tastes, and other factors. When these factors change, the demand curve will shift.

Factors other than the goods’ price effect its supply, the most important being the cost of production of the goods, determined by the state of technology and by input prices. Other factors in supply include the prices of substitute goods, the market organization, and other factors.

Дата добавления: 2017-01-14